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Mathematical modelling of the sorption dynamics of radionuclides by natural clinoptilolite in permeable reactive barriers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

V. A. Nikashina ,
I. B. Serova ,
E. M. Kats ,
N. A. Tikhonov ,
M. G. Tokmachev  and
P. G. Novgorodov
V. A. Nikashina*
Affiliation:
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 19, Moscow 119991, Russia
I. B. Serova
Affiliation:
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 19, Moscow 119991, Russia
E. M. Kats
Affiliation:
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 19, Moscow 119991, Russia
N. A. Tikhonov
Affiliation:
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, Russia
M. G. Tokmachev
Affiliation:
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow, Russia
P. G. Novgorodov
Affiliation:
Institute of Oil and Gas Problems, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
*
*E-mail: nikashina@geokhi.ru
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Abstract

The anthropogenic accidents in the world (including the underground emergency nuclear explosion at the site “Kraton-3” (Yakutiya) and also the recent Fukushima accident) resulted in significant environmental pollution by radionuclides, mainly long-lived 90Sr and 137Cs. One of the ways to solve this problem is the creation of “permeable reactive barriers” (PRBs). High selectivity of clinoptilolite-containing tuffs (CLT) towards Sr2+ and Cs+ radionuclides, together with their availability and reasonable cost, make possible their use as PRBs. The scales of the ion-exchange processes taking place on PRBs indicate the necessity of mathematical modelling. In this connection, Sr2+ and Cs+ ion-exchange sorption on Khonguruu CLT (Yakutiya) from solutions of various mineralizations was studied under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. The physicochemical and mathematical models of the dynamic ion-exchange process and also the computer program considering both structural features of CLT (two-stage particle diffusion kinetics) and possible periodic interruptions of the process were developed. The breakthrough time of CLT as a geochemical barrier was calculated by such mathematical modelling.

Keywords

environmental pollutionradioactive pollutionKraton-3Yakutiyaradionuclideszeoliteclinoptilolite-containing tuffselectivityion exchangemathematical modellingpermeable reactive barriertwo-stage particle diffusionkineticsbreakthrough timecomputer program
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 46 , Issue 2 , June 2011 , pp. 233 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2011

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Footnotes

†

Deceased 2009

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