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Origin of grain-coating chlorite by smectite transformation: an example from Miocene sandstones, North Sumatra back-arc basin, Indonesia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

B. Humphreys ,
S. J. Kemp ,
G. K. Lott ,
Bermanto ,
D.A. Dharmayanti  and
I. Samsori
B. Humphreys
Affiliation:
PPPTMGB ‘LEMIGAS’, Jalan Ciledug Raya, Cipulir-Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
S. J. Kemp
Affiliation:
British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
G. K. Lott
Affiliation:
British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
Bermanto
Affiliation:
PPPTMGB ‘LEMIGAS’, Jalan Ciledug Raya, Cipulir-Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia
D.A. Dharmayanti
Affiliation:
PPPTMGB ‘LEMIGAS’, Jalan Ciledug Raya, Cipulir-Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia
I. Samsori
Affiliation:
PPPTMGB ‘LEMIGAS’, Jalan Ciledug Raya, Cipulir-Kebayoran Lama, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia
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Abstract

Grain-coating chlorite cements commonly occur within sandstones of late Middle and Upper Miocene age deposited in the North Sumatra back-arc basin. Chlorites from the Lower Keutapang Member contain Ca (maximum 0.75 wt% oxide) and show textural evidence for direct precipitation on grains. However, crystals are subhedral, showing curved faces and often ragged edges, and show a tendency to merge together. In overlying beds of the Upper Keutapang Member, grain-coating chlorite-smectite (20% smectite) cements display an identical morphology but are more siliceous, have a lower octahedral occupancy and contain higher total (Na + Ca + K). It is proposed that chlorite cements in the Keutapang Formation originated as smectite-rich cement rims whose initial precipitation was related to the breakdown of volcanic detritus in the sediments. Transformation to chlorite occurred subsequently during burial, facilitated by a high geothermal gradient in the back-arc basin.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , October 1994 , pp. 681 - 692
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1994

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