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Solid-state mechanochemical activation of clay minerals and soluble phosphate mixtures to obtain slow-release fertilizers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Roger Borges ,
Silvio F. Brunatto ,
Alexandre A. Leitão ,
Gustavo S. G. De Carvalho  and
Fernando Wypych
Roger Borges
Affiliation:
CEPESQ – Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná – P.O. Box 19032, 81531-980 – Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Silvio F. Brunatto
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná – P.O. Box 19081, 81531-980 – Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Alexandre A. Leitão
Affiliation:
Group of Physico-chemistry of Solids and Interfaces, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Gustavo S. G. De Carvalho
Affiliation:
Group of Physico-chemistry of Solids and Interfaces, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
Fernando Wypych*
Affiliation:
CEPESQ – Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná – P.O. Box 19032, 81531-980 – Curitiba, PR, Brazil
*
*E-mail: wypych@ufpr.br
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Abstract

This work describes the development of potential multi-element slow-release fertilizers obtained by mechanochemical activation of mixtures of kaolinite and ammonium or potassium monohydrogen phosphates. Preliminary results of talc amorphization have also been included. The methodology consists of milling the materials in a high-energy ball mill, where the influence of rotation and time of milling were investigated. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA/DTA, SEM and MAS-NMR. The experimental results explain the slow-release behaviour of the amorphous nanostructured materials in aqueous suspensions, especially the MASNMR spectra, which showed the changes in the chemical environment of the elements analysed. The materials displayed slow-release behaviour for phosphates probably because the aluminium ions in the mineral structure interact more thoroughly with phosphate than potassium or ammonium. Nevertheless, in general, all of the nutrients were released slowly.

Keywords

Mechanochemical activationmineral fertilizersclay mineralmacronutrients
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 2 , June 2015 , pp. 153 - 162
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2015

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