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Weathering of smectite and illite- smectite under temperate climatic conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

V. Šucha ,
J. Środoń ,
N. Clauer ,
F. Elsass ,
D. D. Eberl ,
I. Kraus  and
J. Madejová
V. Šucha*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology of Mineral Deposits, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 BratislavaSlovakia
J. Środoń
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences, PAN, Senacka 1, 31-002 Kraków, Poland
N. Clauer
Affiliation:
Centre de Géochimie de la Surface (CNRS-ULP), 1 rue Blessig, 67084 StrasbourgFrance
F. Elsass
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Science du Sol, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026 VersaillesFrance
D. D. Eberl
Affiliation:
United States Geological Survey, Marine StBoulder, Colorado 80225, USA
I. Kraus
Affiliation:
Department of Geology of Mineral Deposits, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, 84215 BratislavaSlovakia
J. Madejová
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská 9, BratislavaSlovakia
*
*E-mail: sucha@fns.uniba.sk
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Abstract

Weathering profiles developed on the top surface of a bentonite (containing Al-Mg montmorillonite) and a K-bentonite (containing mixed-layer illite-smectite (I-S)) under Central European temperate conditions were studied by XRD, HRTEM, FTIR, K-Ar and chemical analyses. Weathering of montmorillonite results in the decrease of cation exchange capacity (CEC), total surface area and Mg content. The process is interpreted as montmorillonite dissolution and precipitation of amorphous SiO2. Weathering of I-S produces an increase in CEC and total surface area. The XRD data suggest dissolution of I-S and appearance of smectite as a separate phase at intermediate depths. The fixation of ammonium is documented in the topmost sample. In both profiles, abundant aeolian contaminants, including mica, were identified and their migration was traced using K-Ar dating.

Keywords

detrital micadissolutionillite-smectiteK/Ar datessmectiteweathering
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , September 2001 , pp. 403 - 419
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2001

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