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The Flow of Salt Solutions Through Compacted Clay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

J. G. McKelvey  and
I. H. Milne
J. G. McKelvey
Affiliation:
Gulf Research and Development Company, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
I. H. Milne
Affiliation:
Gulf Research and Development Company, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract

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Experimental evidence of the salt filtering ability of compacted bentonite and clay material is presented. Apparatus has been developed in which samples of semi-dry powdered bentonite and shale are compacted under pressures of 10,000 psi and subjected to flow with sodium chloride solutions under fluid pressures up to 10,000 psi. Porosities of 34–41 percent have been obtained with the bentonite and 24 percent with the shale. Permeabilities of 10−5 to 10−6 millidarcies have been measured. A ratio of input to output solution concentration as high as 8 has been found with the bentonite samples and dilute (0.164 N) NaCl solutions. The ratio falls off with increased input concentration and with increased porosity. The shale sample has given a ratio of 1.7 with an input concentration of 0.129 N NaCl.

Streaming potential differentials of approximately 1 mV per 100 psi have been measured during the flow experiments. The potential differential is highest with the shale material and shows a decrease with increasing salt concentration.

Type
General Session
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 9 , February 1960 , pp. 248 - 259
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 1960

Footnotes

Publication authorized by Executive Vice-President, Gulf Research and Development Company.

References

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