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Characterization of Untreated and Alkylammonium Ion Exchanged Illite/Smectite by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Kenan Cetin  and
Warren D. Huff
Kenan Cetin*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221
Warren D. Huff
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221
*
*Present address: DataChem Laboratories, Glendale-Milford Road, Cincinnati, OH 45242
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Abstract

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High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) have been performed on dispersed portions of one R > 1 and two R3 illite/smectite (I/S) samples from Silurian K-bentonites. R > 1 sample was studied by HRTEM before and after alkylammonium ion treatment and R3 samples were studied only after alkylammonium ion treatment. The HRTEM images of the chemically untreated R > 1 sample were predominated by lattice fringe contrast with 20–40 Å periods, interpreted to represent various ordered I/S units. HRTEM images of the three alkylammonium-treated samples displayed very small, dispersed particles composed of illite packets separated by alkylammonium expanded interlayers. In the R > 1 sample, illite packets were mostly 20 Å to 40 Å thick whereas in R3 samples they were predominantly over 40 Å. Although a good degree of dispersion of the bulk samples was achieved, dispersed particles recorded on images were thicker than the fundamental particles postulated by Nadeau and coworkers. Alkylammonium ion-expanded interlayer thicknesses point out a trend toward a higher charge in the expandable interlayers (i.e., illite particle surfaces) with increasing illite content from the R > 1 sample to the R3 samples. In the R3 samples, the interlayer charge is sufficiently high to be vermiculitic.

Keywords

AlkylammoniumClaysDiagenesisIlliteInterstratificationSmectiteTransmission Electron Microscopy
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 3 , June 1995 , pp. 337 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © 1995, The Clay Minerals Society

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