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Conversion of chrysotile to a magnesian smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Michael Cheshire  and
Necip Gũven
Michael Cheshire*
Affiliation:
Texas Tech University, Department of Geosciences, Lubbock, TX 79419, USA
Necip Gũven
Affiliation:
Texas Tech University, Department of Geosciences, Lubbock, TX 79419, USA
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: Michael.Cheshire@oildri.com
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Abstract

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Chrysotile from Thetford Mines in Quebec, Canada was treated first with mild formic or oxalic acid at concentrations of 0.5 to 2.0 N at 200°C in Teflon-lined 12.0 mL Parr bombs. The reaction products were identified by X-ray diffraction as a poorly crystalline Fe-bearing kerolite-like 2:1 layer silicate (which will be described as a kerolitic precipitate or a kerolitic mesophase in this report). Electron microscopic examination showed a thin foily morphology for this kerolitic mesophase that may have formed by the following reaction:(1)

$\mathop {{\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{\rm{6}}}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{10}}}}{{\left( {{\rm{OH}}} \right)}_{{8_{\left( {\rm{s}} \right)}}}}}\limits_{{\rm{chrysotile}}} + 6.02{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{ + }}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)} + 0.54{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)} \to \mathop {\left( {{\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{{\rm{2}}{\rm{.46}}}}{\rm{Fe}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{.54}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}} \right){\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{10}}}}{{\left( {{\rm{OH}}} \right)}_{\rm{2}}} \cdot n}\limits_{{\rm{kerolitic}}\;{\rm{mesophase}}} {{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\left( {\rm{s}} \right)}} + {\rm{3}}{\rm{.55M}}{{\rm{g}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)}$

The magnetite impurity in the initial chrysotile asbestos served as the source of Fe in the above reactions. Subsequently, this kerolitic precipitate was reacted with 0.2 N NaOH for 48–96 h at 200°C and a highly crystalline smectite was formed with the same foily morphology as the kerolitic precipitate. X-ray spectral analyses of the kerolitic mesophase and smectite suggest the following reaction to have taken place:(2)

$\eqalign{ & \mathop {\left( {{\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{{\rm{2}}{\rm{.46}}}}{\rm{Fe}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{.54}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}} \right){\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{O}}_{{\rm{10}}}}{{\left( {{\rm{OH}}} \right)}_{\rm{2}}}}\limits_{{\rm{kerolitic}}\;{\rm{mesophase}}} \cdot n{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\left( {\rm{s}} \right)}} + {\rm{0}}{\rm{.53M}}{{\rm{g}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)} + 0.54{\rm{NaO}}{{\rm{H}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)}} + 0.01{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)} \to \cr & \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\mathop {\;\;{\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_{0.54}}\left( {{\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{{\rm{2}}{\rm{.99}}}}{\rm{Fe}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{.01}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}} \right)\left( {{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{{\rm{3}}{\rm{.46}}}}{\rm{Fe}}_{{\rm{0}}{\rm{.54}}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}} \right){{\rm{O}}_{10}}{{\left( {{\rm{OH}}} \right)}_{{\rm{2}}\;\left( {\rm{s}} \right)}}}\limits_{{\rm{saponite}}} + 0.54{\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}^{{\rm{4 + }}}}_{\left( {{\rm{aq}}} \right)} \cr} $

The reaction products, a kerolitic mesophase and smectite, possess a non-fibrous habit in contrast to the fibrous (asbestiform) morphology of chrysotile.

Keywords

AsbestosChrysotileHydrothermal ConversionKeroliteSmectite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 53 , Issue 2 , April 2005 , pp. 155 - 161
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2005

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