Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:42:13.406Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Determination of Surface Areas of Mineral Powders by Adsorption Calorimetry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Kenneth V. Ticknor  and
Preet P. S. Saluja
Kenneth V. Ticknor
Affiliation:
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Pinawa, Manitoba R0E 1L0, Canada
Preet P. S. Saluja
Affiliation:
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Pinawa, Manitoba R0E 1L0, Canada
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Adsorption calorimetry was used to develop a method for determining the surface area of low-surface-area materials (<1 m2/g), which required no pretreatment of the surface, such as outgassing at elevated temperatures. The method involved flowing heptane through a small amount of sample (0.15 to 1.0 g) in the flow cell of a commercial microcalorimeter. When thermal equilibrium was reached at the powder-heptane interface, pure heptane was replaced with a heptane carrier-solution containing 0.6 volume % n-butanol (n-BuOH) as the preferential adsorbate. The integral enthalpy of preferential saturation adsorption, ΔHsat, of n-BuOH on the surface was found to be a function of the BET surface area of the sample. An empirical relationship between ΔHsat and BET surface area was determined over a surface area range of about three orders of magnitude (0.095 to 81 m2/g) by performing adsorption experiments on five α-alumina standard reference powders. The technique was applied to the determination of surface areas of untreated rock and mineral powders.

Keywords

Adsorption calorimetryα-Aluminan-ButanolFracture-filling mineralsSurface area
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , August 1990 , pp. 437 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

1

Issued as Atomic Energy of Canada Limited publication, AECL-9925.

References

Brunauer, S., Emmett, P. H. and Teller, E., 1938 Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 60 309 – 319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dyal, R. S. and Hendricks, S. B., 1950 Total surface of clays in polar liquids as a characteristic index Soil Science 69 421 – 432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Groszek, A. J., 1966 Determination of surface areas of powders by flow microcalorimetry Chemistry and Industry 1754 – 1756.Google Scholar
Grutter, A., von Gunten, H. R. and Rossler, E., 1986 Sorption, desorption and isotope exchange of cesium (10−9-10−3 M) on chlorite Clays & Clay Minerals 34 677 – 680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamineni, D. C. and Dugal, J. J. B., 1982 A study of rock alteration in the Eye-Dashwa Lakes pluton, Atikokan, northwestern Ontario, Canada Chem. Geol. 36 35 – 57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamineni, D. C., Ticknor, K. V. and Vandergraaf, T. T., 1986 Occurrence, composition and radionuclide sorption characteristics of illite from a fractured granite pluton, southeastern Manitoba, Canada Clay Miner. 21 909 – 924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madsen, F. T., 1977 Surface area measurements of clay minerals by glycerol sorption on a thermobalance Thermochimica Acta 21 89 – 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pham, T. H. and Brindley, G. W., 1970 Clay-organic studies XVIII: Methylene blue adsorption by clay minerals. Determination of surface areas and cation exchange capacities Clays & Clay Minerals 18 203 – 212.Google Scholar
Saluja, P. P. S. Oscarson, D. W., Miller, H. G., LeBlanc, J. C., Shultz, L. G., van Olphen, H. and Mumpton, F. A., 1987 Rapid determination of surface areas of mineral powders using adsorption calorimetry Proc. Int. Clay Conf., Denver, 1985 Bloomington, Indiana The Clay Minerals Society 267 – 272.Google Scholar
Steinberg, G., 1981 What you can do with surface calorimetry Chemtech 11 730 – 737.Google Scholar
Sargent, F. P. and Vandergraaf, T. T., 1988 Radionuclide migration R&D in the Canadian nuclear fuel waste management program Radioact. Waste Manage. Nucl. Fuel Cycle 10 21 – 40.Google Scholar
van Olphen, H. and Fripiat, J. J., 1979 Surface area Data Handbook for Clay Materials and Other Non Metallic Minerals Oxford Pergamon Press 203 – 216.Google Scholar