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Hematite and Goethite from Duricrusts Developed by Lateritic Chemical Weathering of Precambrian Banded Iron Formations, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

E. Ramanaidou ,
D. Nahon ,
A. Decarreau  and
A. J. Melfi
E. Ramanaidou
Affiliation:
CSIRO -Division of Exploration and Mining, Private Bag, P.O. Wembley, W.A. 6014, Australia
D. Nahon
Affiliation:
Geosciences de l'Environnement URA 132 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences St Jérôme, Université d'Aix-Marseille III Case 431, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
A. Decarreau
Affiliation:
Argiles, Sols, Alterations. URA 721 CNRS,** Universite de Poitiers, 40 Av. Recteur Pineau, 86000, Poitiers, France
A. J. Melfi
Affiliation:
Departamento de Geofisica/Núcleo de Pesquisa em Geoquímica e Geofisica da Litosfera, Universidade de São Paulo Av. Miguel Stefano 4200, Sâo Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract

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The upper 15−20 m of a 200 m thick lateritic weathering profile on Precambrian itabirites of Capanema, Brazil, reveals a genetic pathway for the formation of hematitic and goethitic nodules in the ferruginous crust through a very fine grain Al-hematite and Al-goethite mixture, called here the brick-red-material (brm). This evolution develops between the soft saprolite and a 10 m thick indurated ferruginous crust. The soft saprolite retains the original structures of the itabirite and is characterized by almost complete dissolution of quartz, the development of goethite septa, and the partial dissolution of primary hematite. Near the contact with the overlying ferruginous crust, the brm is gradually filling voids as well as replacing primary hematite and goethite in the saprolite. In the upper indurated crust, the brm transforms into coarse structureless ferruginous nodules (aluminous hematites and goethites) and is the precursor of the hematito-goethitic nodules of the crusts. Crystallization of newly-formed Al-goethite and Al-hematite within the brm occurs without detectable amounts of amorphous iron oxides of ferrihydrite precursors.

Keywords

HematiteGoethiteLateriteMössbauer Spectrometry
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 44 , Issue 1 , February 1996 , pp. 22 - 31
Copyright
Copyright © 1996, The Clay Minerals Society

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