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High-Charge Smectite in Spanish “Raña” Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Francisco José Aragoneses  and
Maria Teresa García-González
Francisco José Aragoneses
Affiliation:
Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, CSIC, Serrano 115 Ddo., 28006-Madrid, Spain
Maria Teresa García-González
Affiliation:
Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, CSIC, Serrano 115 Ddo., 28006-Madrid, Spain
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Abstract

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In a study of “rana” soils of central Spain, hydroxy-interlayered 2:1 clay minerals were identified in the upper horizons and high-charge smectite in the lower horizons, with kaolinite the most abundant phyllosilicate. The high-charge smectite showed a basal spacing of 18 Å on Mg-saturation and glycerol solvation and 10 Å on K-saturation and air-drying. It is concentrated in the coarse fractions and appears to be basically a beidellite in the fine-silt fractions and a montmorillonite in the clay fractions. Pre-existing illite was probably transformed into hydroxy-interlayered 2:1 clays in the surface horizons, whereas high-charge smectite formed in the deeper horizons. These minerals, which were apparently not stable in the existing soil conditions, were the first stage in the degradation process of illite. The stable mineral in these soil profiles was kaolinite.

Keywords

High-charge smectiteHydroxy-interlayer claysIlliteLayer charge“Rana” soilsSoil clay
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , April 1991 , pp. 211 - 218
Copyright
Copyright © 1991, The Clay Minerals Society

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