Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T10:38:15.873Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Hisingerite: A Ferric Kaolin Mineral with Curved Morphology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Richard A. Eggleton  and
David B. Tilley
Richard A. Eggleton
Affiliation:
Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Evolution and Mineral Exploration, Department of Geology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
David B. Tilley
Affiliation:
Cooperative Research Centre for Landscape Evolution and Mineral Exploration, Department of Geology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Hisingerite, first described in 1810, has been variously regarded as noncrystalline, as a septechlorite, as ferric allophane, as ferric halloysite and as poorly crystalline nontronite. Hisingerite from the original localities of Gillinge and Riddarhyttan in Sweden has a composition close to Fe2O3·2SiO22H2O. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of Riddarhyttan hisingerite yields very broad maxima at 7.7, 4.44, 3.57, 2.56, 2.26, 1.69 and 1.54 Å, and that from Gillinge is similar. Cation exchange capacities are 2.2 meq/100 g (Riddarhyttan) and zero (Gillinge). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows a fabric of concentric spheres and part spheres, with diameters of about 140 Å and walls up to six 7-Å layers thick. High-resolution images of the sphere walls reveal a 2-layer structure similar to that of kaolinite. A calculated diffraction pattern based on a model of 4 concentric shells of ferric kaolinite structure matches the observed pattern quite closely. Some other hisingerites, notably that from Bellevue King Mine, Idaho, show 10-Å layers as well as 7-Å layers, and this hisingerite has a CEC of 32 meq/100 g and a weak 15.5-Å X-ray reflection in addition to a pattern similar to Riddarhyttan hisingerite. It is concluded that hisingerite is a curved ferric 7-Å 1:1 layer silicate analogous to halloysite, and that many of the hisingerites reported in the literature contain admixed nontronite.

Keywords

Cation Exchange CapacityHalloysiteHisingeriteKaoliniteNontroniteTransmission Electron MicroscopyX-ray Powder Diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 46 , Issue 4 , August 1998 , pp. 400 - 413
Copyright
Copyright © 1998, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Archimedes, ca 250 BC. On floating bodies. Book I.Google Scholar
Berzelius, J. J., 1819 Nouveau systeme de minéralogie Paris Méquignon-Marvis.Google Scholar
Bowie, S.H.U., 1955 Thucolite and hisingerite-pitchblende complexes from Nicholson Mine, Saskatchewan, Canada Bull Geol Surv Gr Brit 10 45–55.Google Scholar
Brigatti, M.F., 1981 Hisingerite: A review of its crystal chemistry Proc 7th Int Clay Conf. Dev Sedimentol 35 35–110.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. and Goodyear, J., 1948 X-ray studies of halloysite and metahalloysite. II. The transition of halloysite to metahalloysite in relation to relative humidity Mineral Mag 28 28–215.Google Scholar
Church, M.A., 1870 Chemical researches on new and rare Cornish minerals J Chem Soc 23 23 5 10.1039/JS8702300165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Churchman, G.J. Slade, P.G. Self, P.G. and Janik, L.J., 1994 Nature of interstratified kaolin-smectites in some Australian soils Aust J Soil Res 32 32–822.Google Scholar
Cleve, P.T. and Nordenskiöld, A.E., 1866 Om sammansättningen af jernhaltige kolloïd-silikater. Öfversigt af Kongl Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlinger 237 237 183.Google Scholar
Cowley, J.M., 1961 Diffraction intensities from bent crystals Acta Crystallogr 14 14–927.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dietrich, R.V., 1961 Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway 12. Hisingerite in “dark” larvikite Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 41 41–108.Google Scholar
Eggleton, R.A., 1987 Noncrystalline Fe-Si-Al oxyhydroxides Clays Clay Miner 35 35–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eggleton, R.A. Pennington, J.H. Freeman, R.S. and Threadgold, I.M., 1983 Structural aspects of the hisingerite-neotocite series Clay Miner 18 18–31 10.1180/claymin.1983.018.1.03.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, S.G., 1944 The mineralogy of the tin mines of Cerro de Llallagua, Bolivia Proc Acad Nat Sci Phila 96 355.Google Scholar
Gruner, J.W., 1935 The structural relationships of nontronite and montmorillonite Am Mineral 20 20–483.Google Scholar
Guggenheim, S. and Eggleton, R.A., 1987 Modulated 2:1 layer silicates: Review, systematics, and predictions Am Mineral 72 724–738.Google Scholar
Hawkins, A.C. and Shannon, E.V., 1924 Canbyite, a new mineral Am Mineral 9 1–5.Google Scholar
Hewett, D.F. and Schaller, W.T., 1925 Hisingerite from Blaine Co., Idaho Am J Sci 210 210 38.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W., 1810 Undersokning af Svenska Mineralier. VI. Svart Stenart från Gillinge Jern-Grufva i Sodermanland Afhandlingar i Fysik, Kemi, och Mineralogi 3 304–306.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W., 1826 Versuch einer mineralogischen Geographie von Schweden .Google Scholar
Hisinger, W., 1828 Analyse des mit dem Namen Hisingerit belegten Eisensilicats. Annalen der Physik und Chemie von J.C. Poggendorff Bd 13 13–508.Google Scholar
Kohyama, N. and Sudo, T., 1975 Hisingerite occurring as a weathering product of iron-rich saponite Clays Clay Miner 23 23–218 10.1346/CCMN.1975.0230309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindqvist, B. and Jansson, S., 1962 On the crystal chemistry of hisingerite Am Mineral 47 47–1362.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. 1951. In: Bradley, G.W., editor. X-ray identification and crystal structures of clay minerals (first edition). London: Mineral Soc.Google Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C.. 1961. In: Brown, G., Brindley, G.W., editors. The X-ray identification and crystal structures of clay minerals (second edition). London: Mineral Soc.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, K.J.D. and Berezowski, R.M., 1980 Thermal and Mössbauer studies of iron-containing hydrous silicates: II. Hisingerite Thermoc Acta 4 4–355.Google Scholar
Manceau, A. Ildefonse, P. Hazemann, J.L. Flank, A.-M. and Gallup, D., 1995 Crystal chemistry of hydrous iron silicate scale deposits at the Salton Sea geothermal field Clays Clay Miner 43 43–317 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohs, F., 1839 Leichtfassliche Anfangsgründe der Naturgeschichte des Mineralreichs Wien Carl Gerold.Google Scholar
Muir, I.D., 1954 Crystallization of pyroxenes in an iron-rich diabase from Minnesota Mineral Mag 30 30–388.Google Scholar
Osborne, F.F. and Archambault, M., 1950 Hisingerite from Montauban-Ies-Mines Le Naturaliste Canadien 77 77–290.Google Scholar
Rammelsberg, C., 1848 Ueber die Zusammensetzung des Hisingerits Annalen der Physik und Chemie 75 75–402.Google Scholar
Ross, C.S. and Kerr, P.F., 1934 Halloysite and Allophane USGS Prof Pap 185–G 135–148.Google Scholar
Schwartz, G.M., 1924 On the nature and origin of hisingerite from Parry Sound, Ontario Am Mineral 7 141–144.Google Scholar
Shayan, A., 1984 Hisingerite material from a basalt quarry near Geelong, Victoria, Australia Clays Clay Miner 32 272–278 10.1346/CCMN.1984.0320404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, E.S., 1918 Hisingerite J Proc R Soc W Aust 5 5–97.Google Scholar
Sudo, T. and Nakamura, T., 1952 Hisingerite from Japan Am Mineral 37 37–621.Google Scholar
Sustschinsky, P.P., 1910 Über den Hisingerit Zeit Kryst u Mineral 47 47–237.Google Scholar
von Kobell, F.r., 1828 Ueber das Eisensilicat von Bodenmais (Thraulit). Annalen der Physik und Chemie von J.C Poggendorff Bd 14 14–469.Google Scholar
Whelan, J.A. and Goldich, S.S., 1961 New data for hisingerite and neotocite Am Mineral 46 1412–1423.Google Scholar