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Ion Exchange of Zeolite Na-Pc with Pb2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ Ions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Aggeliki Moirou ,
Aikaterini Vaxevanidou ,
Georgios E. Christidis  and
Ioannis Paspaliaris
Aggeliki Moirou*
Affiliation:
National Technical University of Athens, Laboratory of Metallurgy, 15780, Zografos, Greece
Aikaterini Vaxevanidou
Affiliation:
National Technical University of Athens, Laboratory of Metallurgy, 15780, Zografos, Greece
Georgios E. Christidis
Affiliation:
Technical University of Crete, Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, 73100 Chania, Greece
Ioannis Paspaliaris
Affiliation:
National Technical University of Athens, Laboratory of Metallurgy, 15780, Zografos, Greece
*
E-mail of corresponding author: moirou@metal.ntua.gr
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Abstract

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This paper examines the ion-exchange properties of synthetic zeolite Na-Pc, which was produced from perlite-waste fines and has a SiO2:Al2O3 ratio of 4.45:1 and a cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of 3.95 meq g−1. Although equilibrium is attained rapidly for all three metals, exchange is incomplete, with Ac(max) (maximum equilibrium fraction of the metal in the zeolite) being 0.95 for Pb, 0.76 for Zn, and 0.27 for Ni. In both Na → ½Pb and Na → ½Zn exchange, the normalized selectivity coefficient is virtually constant for NAC (normalized equilibrium fraction of the metal in the zeolite) values of ≤0.6, suggesting a pronounced homogeneity of the available exchange sites. The Gibbs standard free energy, ΔG°, of the Na → ½Pb exchange calculated from the normalized selectivity coefficient is −3.11 kJ eq−1 and, for the Na → ½Zn exchange, it is 2.75 kJ eq−1.

Examination of the solid exchange products with X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a possible decrease in crystallinity of zeolite Pb-Pc as suggested by the significant broadening and disappearance of diffraction lines. This decrease is associated with a reduction of pore opening, as indicated from Fourier-transform infrared analysis (FTIR), which in turn results in a decrease of the amount of zeolitic water. Thermogra-vimetric-differential thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis showed that water loss occurs in three steps, the relative significance of which depends on the type of exchangeable cation and subsequently on the type of complex formed with the cation and/or the zeolite channels. Zeolite Na-Pc might be utilized in environmental applications, such as the treatment of acid-mine drainage and electroplating effluents.

Keywords

Heavy MetalsIon ExchangePerliteSelectivitySelectivity CoefficientZeolite PcZeolitization
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 48 , Issue 5 , October 2000 , pp. 563 - 571
Copyright
Copyright © 2000, The Clay Minerals Society

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