Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-npwhs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-30T12:42:09.639Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mechanism and Conditions of Clay Formation During Natural Weathering of MSWI Bottom Ash

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

C. Zevenbergen ,
L. P. Van Reeuwijk ,
J. P. Bradley ,
P. Bloemen  and
R. N. J. Comans
C. Zevenbergen
Affiliation:
IWACO B.V., Hoofdweg 490, 3067 GK Rotterdam, The Netherlands
L. P. Van Reeuwijk
Affiliation:
ISRIC, P.O. Box 353, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
J. P. Bradley
Affiliation:
MVA, Inc., 5500 Oakbrook Pkwy, Suite 200, Norcross, Georgia 30093, USA
P. Bloemen
Affiliation:
IWACO B.V., Hoofdweg 490, 3067 GK Rotterdam, The Netherlands
R. N. J. Comans
Affiliation:
ECN, Westerduinweg 3, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash is the slag-like material produced by the incineration of municipal waste and is predominantly composed of glassy constituents, which include inherited manufactured glasses and glasses formed during incineration. Previous results indicate evidence of neoformation of well-ordered clay (illite) from glasses in MSWI bottom ash after 12 y of natural weathering. We investigated the mechanism and conditions of clay formation from glasses during natural weathering using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), experimental leaching experiments and ammonium oxalate extractions. It was concluded that the high surface area and initially high “active” Al and associated Si content predispose the ash to form clay minerals on a relatively short time scale. This work provides evidence that the composition of secondary amorphous aluminosilicate and thus, the type of clay mineral which may form, is determined by the pH of the pore solution rather than by the glass composition. Presumably alternate wetting and drying of the ash during disposal greatly accelerates the formation of well-ordered clays.

Keywords

Clay formationIlliteMSWI bottom ashTransmission Electron Microscopy

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , August 1996 , pp. 546 - 552
Copyright
Copyright © 1996, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Abrajano, T.A., Bates, J.K., Woodland, A.B., Bradley, J.P. and Bourcier, W.L.. 1990. Secondary phase formation during nuclear waste-glass dissolution. Clays & Clay Miner 38: 537–548.Google Scholar
Bates, J.K., Bradley, J.P., Teetsov, A., Bradley, C.R. and Buchholtz ten Brink, M.. 1992. Colloid formation during waste form reaction: Implications for nuclear disposal. Science 256: 649–651.Google ScholarPubMed
Bradley, J.P.. 1988. Analysis of chondritic interplanetary dust thin sections. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52: 889–900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colman, S.M. and Dethier, D.P.. 1986. Rates of chemical weathering of rocks and minerals. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc. 603 p.Google Scholar
Comans, R.N.J. and Meima, J.A.. 1994. Modelling Ca-solubility in MSWI bottom ash leachates. In: Goumans, J.J.J.M., Van der Sloot, H.A. and Aalbers, T.H.G.. Environmental aspects of constructions with waste materials. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V. p 103–110.Google Scholar
Crovisier, J.L., Honnorez, J. and Eberhart, J.P.. 1987. Dissolution of basaltic glass in seawater: Mechanism and rate. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51: 2977–2990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goossens, D.A.M.. 1990. Experimental study of water-rock interactions using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). [Thesis] Wilrijk: University of Antwerp. 293 p.Google Scholar
Higashi, T. and Ikeda, H.. 1974. Dissolution of allophane by acid oxalate solution. Clay Sci 4: 205–211.Google Scholar
Janssen-Jurkovicova, M.. 1991. Vliegas: een bodem in wording? Kema-report 90390-MOZ 91-3542, The Netherlands: Arnhem. 116 p.Google Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K.. 1992. Formation of allophane and beidelites during hydrothermal alteration of volcanic glass below 200 C. Clays & Clay Miner 40: 666–674.Google Scholar
Kawano, M., Tomita, K. and Kamino, Y.. 1993. Formation of clay minerals during low temperature experimental alteration of obsidian. Clays & Clay Miner 41: 431–441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, C.S.. 1993. The aqueous geochemistry of municipal solid waste ash. [Ph.D. Thesis] Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 103 p.Google Scholar
Kirby, C.S. and Rimstidt, J.D.. 1993. Mineralogy and surface properties of municipal solid waste ash. Environ Sci Technol 27: 652–660.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magonthier, M.C., Petit, J.C. and Dran, J.C.. 1992. Rhyolitic glasses as natural analogues of nuclear waste glasses: behaviour of an Icelandic glass upon weathering. Appl Geochem Supp 1: 83–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malow, G. and Lutze, W.. 1984. Alteration effects and leach rates of basaltic glasses: Implications for the long-term stability of nuclear waste form borosilicate glasses. J Non-Crystall Sol 67: 305–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mariner, R.H. and Surdam, R.C.. 1970. Alkalinity and formation of zeolites in saline alkaline lakes. Science 170: 977–980.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mazer, J.J., Bates, J.K., Bradley, J.P., Bradley, C.R. and Stevenson, C.M.. 1992. Alteration of tektite to form weathering products. Nature 357: 573–576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michaux, L., Mouche, E. and Petit, J.C.. 1992. Geochemical modelling of the long-term dissolution behaviour of the French nuclear glass R7T7. Appl Geochem Supp 1: 41–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mizota, C. and Van Reeuwijk, L.P.. 1989. Clay mineralogy and chemistry of soils formed in volcanic material in diverse climatic regions. Soil Monograph 2, ISRIC, The Netherlands: Wageningen. 186 p.Google Scholar
Nelson, P.L. and Schindler, P.. 1989. Development of good combustion practices to minimize air emissions from municipal waste combustors. In: International Conference on Municipal Waste Combustion, US EPA and Environment Canada; Hollywood, FL. p 8A–61–81.Google Scholar
Ontiveros, J.L., Clapp, T.L. and Kosson, D.S.. 1989. Physical properties and chemical species distributions within municipal waste combustor ashes. Environmen Prog 8: 200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petit, J.C., Della Mea, G., Dran, J.C., Magonthier, M.C., Mando, P.A. and Paccagnella, A.. 1990. Hydrated-layer formation during dissolution of complex silicate glasses and minerals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 54: 1941–1955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środo$nG, J.. 1984 Illite/smectite in low-temperature diagenesis: data from the Miocene of the Carpathian Foredeep. Clay Miner 32: 337–349.Google Scholar
Tazaki, T., Fyfe, W.S. and Van der Gaast, S.J.. 1989. Growth of clay minerals in natural and synthetic glasses. Clays & Clay Miner 37: 348–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tazaki, K. and Fyfe, W.S.. 1988. Glass amorphous? In: Bailey GW, editor. Proc. 46th Ann. Meeting Electron Micro Soc Am. San Francisco, CA: San Francisco Press. 472 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theis, T.L. and Gardner, K.H.. 1990. Environmental assessment of ash disposal. Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 20: 21–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van der Gaast, S.J., Mizota, C. and Jansen, J.H.F.. 1986. Curved smectite in soils from volcanic ash in Kenya and Tanzania: A low angle X-ray powder diffraction study. Clays & Clay Miner 34: 665–671.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Reeuwijk, L.P., editor. 1992. Procedures for soil analysis; Technical paper 9, 3rd ed. ISRIC, The Netherlands: Wageningen. 100 p.Google Scholar
Warren, C.J. and Dudas, M.J.. 1985. Formation of secondary minerals in artificially weathered fly ash. J Environ Qual 14: 405–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, A.F.. 1984. Weathering characteristics of natural glass and influences on associated water chemistry. J Non-Crystall Sol 67: 225–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, A.F. and Claassen, H.C.. 1980. Kinetic model for the short-term dissolution of a rhyolitic glass. Chem Geol 28: 91–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zevenbergen, C. and Comans, R.N.J.. 1994. Geochemical factors controlling the mobilization of major elements during weathering of MSWI bottom ash. In: Goumans, J.J.J.M., Van der Sloot, H.A., Aalbers, T.h.G., editors. Environmental aspects of constructions with waste materials. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V. p 179–194.Google Scholar
Zevenbergen, C., Vander Wood, T., Bradley, J.P., Van der Broeck, P., Orbons, A.J. and Van Reeuwijk, L.P.. 1994a. Morphological and chemical properties of MSWI bottom ash with respect to the glassy constituents. Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Mat 11: 371–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zevenbergen, C., Bradley, J.P., Vander Wood, T., Brown, R.S., Van Reeuwijk, L.P. and Schuiling, R.D.. 1994b. Microanalytical investigation of mechanisms of municipal solid waste bottom ash weathering. Microbeam Anal 3: 125–135.Google Scholar
Zielinski, R.A.. 1980. Stability of glass in the geologic environment: Some evidence from studies of natural silicate glass. Nuclear Technol 51: 197–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar