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Preparation of Organo-Montmorillonites and the Relationship Between Microstructure and Swellability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Wei Hua Yu ,
Ting Ting Zhu ,
Dong Shen Tong ,
Min Wang ,
Qi Qi Wu  and
Chun Hui Zhou
Wei Hua Yu
Affiliation:
Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, 312030, Shaoxing, China Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
Ting Ting Zhu
Affiliation:
Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
Dong Shen Tong
Affiliation:
Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
Min Wang
Affiliation:
Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
Qi Qi Wu
Affiliation:
Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
Chun Hui Zhou*
Affiliation:
Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, 4350, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia Engineering Research Center of Non-metallic Minerals of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resource, 310007, Hangzhou, China Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals (QYIM), Youhua Township, Qingyang County, 242804, Anhui, China
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: clay@zjut.edu.cnChun.Zhou@usq.edu.au
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Abstract

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Hydrophobicity, swellability, and dispersion are important properties for organo-montmorillonites (OMnt) and have yet to be fully characterized for all OMnt configurations. The purpose of the present work was to examine the preparation of OMnt from the reaction of Ca2+-montmorillonite (Ca2+-Mnt) with a high concentration of surfactant and to reveal the relevant properties of hydrophobicity and dispersion of the resultant OMnt. A series of OMnt samples were prepared using a small amount of water and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with a concentration more than the CTAB critical micelle concentration (CMC). The relationship between OMnt microstructure and the hydrophobicity and swellability properties was investigated in detail. The resulting OMnt samples were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), water contact angle tests, swelling indices, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The addition of CTAB and water in the OMnt preparation affected the OMnt microstructure and properties. An increase in CTAB concentration led to a more ordered arrangement of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) cations in the interlayer space of the OMnt and a large amount of CTA+ cations on the outer surfaces of the OMnt. The swelling indices and the water contact angles of OMnt samples depended on the distribution of the CTAB surfactant on OMnt and the orientation of the surfactant hydrophilic groups on the inner and on the outer surfaces of OMnt. A maximum swelling index of 39 mL/g in xylene was achieved with an average water contact angle of 62.0° ± 2.0° when the amount of CTAB added was 2 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of Mnt and the lowest water to dry Mnt mass ratio was 3 during the preparation of OMnt samples. The platelets of OMnt aggregated together in xylene by electrostatic attraction and by hydrophobic interactions.

Keywords

AdsorptionCetyltrimethylammonium BromideCTABHexadecyltrimethylammonium BromideMontmorilloniteOrganoclaySurfactant
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 65 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 417 - 430
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2017

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