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Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy of Selected Layered Silicates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Marián Janek ,
Ignác Bugár ,
Dušan Lorenc ,
Vojtech Szöcs ,
Dušan Velič  and
Dušan Chorvát
Marián Janek*
Affiliation:
Institute of Technology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84513 Bratislava, Slovakia Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Mlynská dolina CH1, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
Ignác Bugár
Affiliation:
International Laser Centre, Ilkovicova 3, SK-81219 Bratislava, Slovakia
Dušan Lorenc
Affiliation:
International Laser Centre, Ilkovicova 3, SK-81219 Bratislava, Slovakia TU Vienna, Institut für Photonik, Gusshausstrasse 27/387, A-1040 Wien, Austria
Vojtech Szöcs
Affiliation:
Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Mlynská dolina CH2, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
Dušan Velič
Affiliation:
Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Mlynská dolina CH1, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia International Laser Centre, Ilkovicova 3, SK-81219 Bratislava, Slovakia
Dušan Chorvát
Affiliation:
International Laser Centre, Ilkovicova 3, SK-81219 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: Marian.Janek@savba.sk
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Abstract

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Micaceous layer silicate clay minerals are attractive materials for applications involving non-linear optics because of their low cost and ability to form well ordered, platy aggregates, but such applications require precise knowledge of the dielectric behavior of the clay. The purpose of the present study was to use Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) to determine the dielectric properties of certain cleavable layered clay minerals, including muscovite, vermiculite, phlogopite, and biotite. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as chemical analysis by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The THz frequency window investigated was the far-infrared region of 3.3 to ∼40.0 cm−1 corresponding to 0.1 and 1.2 THz, respectively. The samples were selected so that the hydrated form of the interlayer cation, e.g. Mg2+ present in the interlayer gallery of vermiculite, could be compared to species such as phlogopite, biotite, and muscovite with the dehydrated form of interlayer cations such as K+ or Na+. The frequency-dependent complex index of refraction of these natural materials was determined to vary between 2.50 and 2.80. The presence of water in the interlayer space of vermiculite was reflected in the detection of increased values of the absorption index in comparison with the muscovite, phlogopite, and biotite.

Keywords

Absorption IndexBiotiteFar-infraredIndex of RefractionLayered SilicatesMuscovitePhlogopiteTHz-TDSVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 57 , Issue 4 , August 2009 , pp. 416 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2009

Footnotes

This paper, presented during mid-European Clay Conference, held in Zakopane, Poland, during September 2008, is dedicated to Prof. Gerhard Lagaly on the occasion of his 70th birthday

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