Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T01:36:36.875Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Use of Color to Quantify the Effects of pH and Temperature on the Crystallization Kinetics of Goethite under Highly Alkaline Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Tetsushi Nagano ,
Satoru Nakashima ,
Shinichi Nakayama  and
Muneaki Senoo
Tetsushi Nagano
Affiliation:
Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-11, Japan
Satoru Nakashima
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan
Shinichi Nakayama
Affiliation:
Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-11, Japan
Muneaki Senoo
Affiliation:
Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-11, Japan
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The crystallization kinetics of goethite were studied colorimetrically under highly alkaline conditions (pH 10.1–12.2) at temperatures from 40° to 85°C. Color changes during crystallization from fresh precipitates, plotted on a*-b* colorimetric diagrams, were used to discriminate between pure goethite and mixtures of goethite and hematite. Only the b* value increased as goethite crystallization proceeded, and even a minor increase in the a* value revealed the existence of hematite. The rate of goethite crystallization, estimated from the b* value, could be modeled by a pseudo-first-order rate law. This rate depended both on pH and on temperature. Apparent activation energies for the reactions of 56.1 kJ/mol at pH 11.7 and 48.2 kJ/mol at pH 12.2 were estimated from Arrhenius plots.

Keywords

ColorColorimetryCrystallizationGoethiteHematiteKineticsL*a*b* color space
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , April 1994 , pp. 226 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © 1994, Clay Minerals Society

References

Barron, V., and Torrent, J., (1984) Influence of aluminum substitution on the color of synthetic hematites: Clays & Clay Minerals 32, 157–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Combes, J. M., Manceau, A., Calas, G., and Bottero, Y., (1990) Formation of ferric oxides from aqueous solutions: A polyhedral approach by X-ray absorption spectroscopy: II. Hematite formation from ferric gels: Geochim. Cosmoshim. Acta 54, 1083–1091.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., and Giovanoli, R., (1985) Effect of solution conditions on the proportion and morphology of goethite formed from ferrihydrite: Clays & Clay Minerals 33, 424–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., Giovanoli, R., and Schneider, W., (1989) Review of the hydrolysis of iron (III) and the crystallization of amorphous iron (III) hydroxide hydrate: J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 46, 115–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feitknecht, W., and Michaelis, W., (1962) Uber die hydrolyse von Eisen (III) perchlorat-Losungen: Helv. Chim. Acta 45, 212–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunt, R. W. G., (1980) Color terms, symbols, and their usage: in Optical Radiation Measurement, Grum, F., and Bartleson, C. J., eds., Academic Press, New York, 11–31.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. H., and Lewis, D. G., (1983) A detailed study of the transformation of ferrihydrite to hematite in aqueous medium at 95°C: Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 47, 1823–1831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kosmas, C. S., Franzmeier, D. P., and Schulze, D. G., (1986) Relationship among derivative spectroscopy, color, crystalline dimensions, and Al substitution of synthetic goethites and hematites: Clays & Clay Minerals 347, 625–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lasaga, A. C., (1981) Rate laws of chemical reactions: in Reviews in Mineralogy 8, Kinetics of Geochemical Process, Lasaga, A. C., and Kirkpatrick, R. J., eds., Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D.C., 1–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. G., and Schwertmann, U., (1980) The effect of [OH] on the goethite produced from ferrihydrite under alkaline conditions: J. Colloid Interface Sci. 78, 543–553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Misawa, T., Hashimoto, K., and Shimodaira, S., (1974) The mechanism of formation of iron oxide and oxyhydroxides in aqueous solutions at room temperature: Corr. Sci. 14, 131–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munsell Book of Color, 2.5R-10G (1976) Munsell Color Macbeth Division of Kollmorgen Corporation, Baltimore, Maryland.Google Scholar
Nagano, T., and Nakashima, S., (1989) Study of colors and degree of weathering of granitic rocks by visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: Geochem. J. 23, 75–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagano, T., Nakashima, S., Nakayama, S., Osada, K., and Senoo, M., (1992) Color variations associated with rapid formation of goethite from proto-ferrihydrite at pH13 and 40°C: Clays & Clay Minerals 40, 600–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagao, S., and Nakashima, S., (1991) A convenient method of color measurement of marine sediment by chromameter: Geochem. J. 25, 187–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakashima, S., Miyagi, I., Nakata, E., Sasaki, H., Nittono, S., Hirano, T., Sato, T., and Hayashi, H., (1992) Color measurement of some natural and synthetic minerals-I: Rep. Res. Inst. Natural Resources, Mining College, Akita Univ. 57, 57–76.Google Scholar
Schott, J., and Petit, J. C., (1987) New evidence for the mechanisms of dissolution of silicate minerals: in Aquatic Surface Chemistry, Stumm, W., ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 293–315.Google Scholar
Schwertmann, U., and Cornell, R. M., (1991) Iron Oxides in the Laboratory: Verlag Chemie VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 101–110.Google Scholar
Schwertmann, U., and Fischer, W. R., (1966) Zur Bildung von α-FeOOH und α-Fe2O3 aus amorphous Eisen(III)-hydroxid. III: Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 346, 137–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U., and Murad, E., (1983) Effect of pH on the formation of goethite and hematite from ferrihydrite: Clays & Clay Minerals 31, 277–284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stumm, W., and Morgan, J. J., (1981) Precipitation and dissolution: in Aquatic Chemistry, 2nd ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 230–322.Google Scholar
Sugiyama, M., (1986) Chroma Meters: Minolta Techno Report. Minolta Camera Co., Ltd., Osaka.Google Scholar
Wolska, E., (1981) The structure of hydrohematite: Z. Kristallogr. 154, 69–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar