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Animal models of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 October 2013

Laure-Sophie Camilla d'Angelo ,
Dawn M. Eagle ,
Jon E. Grant ,
Naomi A. Fineberg ,
Trevor W. Robbins  and
Samuel R. Chamberlain
Laure-Sophie Camilla d'Angelo*
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychology & Psychiatry, and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Dawn M. Eagle
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychology & Psychiatry, and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Jon E. Grant
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Naomi A. Fineberg
Affiliation:
National Treatment Service for England & Wales, Welwyn Garden City, Herfordshire, United Kingdom Department of Psychiatry, University of Hertfordshire, Herfordshire, United Kingdom
Trevor W. Robbins
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychology & Psychiatry, and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Samuel R. Chamberlain*
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychology & Psychiatry, and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, United Kingdom
*
*Addresses for correspondence: Ms. Laure-Sophie d'Angelo, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB; (Email lscd2@cam.ac.uk;)
Dr. Samuel Chamberlain, Level E4, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB0 0QQ, UK. (srchamb@gmail.com)
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Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related conditions (trichotillomania, pathological skin-picking, pathological nail-biting) are common and disabling. Current treatment approaches fail to help a significant proportion of patients. Multiple tiers of evidence link these conditions with underlying dysregulation of particular cortico-subcortical circuitry and monoamine systems, which represent targets for treatment. Animal models designed to capture aspects of these conditions are critical for several reasons. First, they help in furthering our understanding of neuroanatomical and neurochemical underpinnings of the obsessive-compulsive (OC) spectrum. Second, they help to account for the brain mechanisms by which existing treatments (pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, deep brain stimulation) exert their beneficial effects on patients. Third, they inform the search for novel treatments. This article provides a critique of key animal models for selected OC spectrum disorders, beginning with initial work relating to anxiety, but moving on to recent developments in domains of genetic, pharmacological, cognitive, and ethological models. We find that there is a burgeoning literature in these areas with important ramifications, which are considered, along with salient future lines of research.

Keywords

CognitionCompulsivityDopamineGamblingImpulsivityObsessive-compulsivePrefrontal cortexSerotoninSpectrumStriatumTrichotillomania
Type
Review Articles
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , February 2014 , pp. 28 - 49
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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Footnotes

The authors thank the ECNP Research Network Initiative Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders Research Network.

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