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Keeping Up with Clinical Advances: Opioid Use Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2019

Biren Patel Open the ORCID record for Biren Patel [Opens in a new window]  and
Thomas R. Kosten
Biren Patel
Affiliation:
Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
Thomas R. Kosten*
Affiliation:
Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
*
*Address correspondence to: Thomas R Kosten MD, Waggoner Professor of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Immunology, 1977 Butler Blvd – Suite E4.207, Houston, TX 77030, USA. (Email: kosten@bcm.edu)
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Abstract

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a disorder that can lead to several negative outcomes, including overdose and death. A variety of opioids can be abused by individuals including both prescribed and non-prescribed opioids. Continued opioid use can be driven by negative affective states associated with opioid withdrawal. Several treatments exist in the field including medication assisted treatments such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. Treatments such as clonidine and lofexidine can also be used to assist with decreasing withdrawal symptoms. Increasing adherence to treatment can further improve patient outcomes and promote continuation with treatment. A variety of methods to reduce relapse can also be utilized such as opioid agonists and maintenance therapy. According to the Centers for Disease Control, opioid overdoses contributed to 67.8% of overdose deaths in 2017.

Type
CME Review Article
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 24 , Issue S1: CME SUPPLEMENT , August 2019 , pp. 14 - 24
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

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Footnotes

This activity is supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Alkermes.

An addendum has been issued for this article, please see DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852919001421.

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