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Deterministic counting of graph colourings using sequences of subgraphs

Part of: Discrete mathematics in relation to computer science Algorithms - Computer Science Equilibrium statistical mechanics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 June 2020

Charilaos Efthymiou
Charilaos Efthymiou*
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, UK
*
Email: Charilaos.Efthymiou@warwick.ac.uk
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Abstract

In this paper we propose a polynomial-time deterministic algorithm for approximately counting the k-colourings of the random graph G(n, d/n), for constant d>0. In particular, our algorithm computes in polynomial time a $(1\pm n^{-\Omega(1)})$ -approximation of the so-called ‘free energy’ of the k-colourings of G(n, d/n), for $k\geq (1+\varepsilon) d$ with probability $1-o(1)$ over the graph instances.

Our algorithm uses spatial correlation decay to compute numerically estimates of marginals of the Gibbs distribution. Spatial correlation decay has been used in different counting schemes for deterministic counting. So far algorithms have exploited a certain kind of set-to-point correlation decay, e.g. the so-called Gibbs uniqueness. Here we deviate from this setting and exploit a point-to-point correlation decay. The spatial mixing requirement is that for a pair of vertices the correlation between their corresponding configurations becomes weaker with their distance.

Furthermore, our approach generalizes in that it allows us to compute the Gibbs marginals for small sets of nearby vertices. Also, we establish a connection between the fluctuations of the number of colourings of G(n, d/n) and the fluctuations of the number of short cycles and edges in the graph.

MSC classification

Primary: 68R99: None of the above, but in this section
Secondary: 68W25: Approximation algorithms 68W20: Randomized algorithms 82B44: Disordered systems (random Ising models, random Schrödinger operators, etc.)
Type
Paper
Information
Combinatorics, Probability and Computing , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , July 2020 , pp. 555 - 586
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

†

Research supported by Centre of Discrete Mathematics and Applications (DIMAP), University of Warwick, EPSRC award, and DFG grant EF 103/1-1.

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