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Effects of pre-exercise intrapulmonary blood inoculation on equine pulmonary function during supramaximal exercise

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2008

Shaun A. McKane ,
Warwick M. Bayly ,
Raymond H. Sides ,
Janene K. Kingston  and
Ronald F. Slocombe
Shaun A. McKane
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
Warwick M. Bayly
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
Raymond H. Sides
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
Janene K. Kingston
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
Ronald F. Slocombe*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: r.slocombe@unimelb.edu.au
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Abstract

This study was designed to determine the effect of 200 ml of autologous blood instilled in the lungs of healthy horses had on gas exchange, maximal oxygen consumption and breathing mechanics during supramaximal exercise, as a model of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH). The subjects were six healthy well-conditioned Thoroughbred horses. On four occasions over a 6-week period, six horses were subjected to two bouts of exercise to fatigue per day, each at speeds equated with an oxygen requirement that was 110% of . Prior to the second bout of exercise on each day, the horses underwent bilateral bronchoscopy during which either nothing (control), or 200 ml of saline, plasma or blood was inoculated into the distal airways, divided equally between each lung. Run time to fatigue, and measurements of pulmonary gas exchange and breathing mechanics were made and analysed for the effects of the four treatments (control, saline, plasma and blood). Inoculation of blood significantly reduced pulmonary oxygen exchange, and run time to fatigue. Plasma inoculation caused intermediate effects, adversely affecting arterial oxygen tension but without significantly reducing or run time to fatigue. Saline treatment had no effect. None of the treatments had an effect on ventilatory mechanics. The results of this study suggest that volumes of blood in the order of 200 ml can impair gas exchange and interfere with the ability of horses to exercise at supramaximal intensities. Blood volumes of this magnitude are readily evident endoscopically, and probably reflect a moderate-to-severe level of EIPH, in contrast to previously published studies where the unilateral instillation of 100 ml of blood or less did not affect performance.

Keywords

equineEIPHsupramaximal exercisebreathing mechanicsgas exchangeblood inoculation
Type
Research Paper
Information
Comparative Exercise Physiology , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , February 2008 , pp. 7 - 13
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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