Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T05:50:19.205Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

On Historical Exhaustion: Argentine Critique in an Era of “Total Corruption”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2016

Sarah Muir*
Affiliation:
Anthropology, Barnard College, Columbia University

Abstract

This essay examines the experience of corruption as an unavoidable and self-destructive dynamic of everyday life in post-crisis Argentina. Embedded in both everyday practices and popular evaluations of those practices, corruption in this context of neoliberal crisis operated as a folk category of socio-moral critique much like witchcraft does in some other settings, for it named a cannibalistic logic that imperiled the very framework of sociality. In order to grasp the reflexive pragmatics of this category, the essay attends first to the conceptual, then to the ethnographic, and finally to the historical dimensions of its practical life. Moving across these three dimensions, it argues that corruption indexed a very particular moral sensibility, marked by the sense of exhausted historical possibilities and inevitable national crisis.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adamovsky, Ezequiel. 2009. Historia de la Clase Media Argentina: Apogeo y Decadencia de una Ilusión. Buenos Aires: Planeta.Google Scholar
Ansell, Aaron. 2014. Zero Hunger: Political Culture and Antipoverty Policy in Northeast Brazil. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Apter, Andrew. 1999. IBB=419: Nigerian Democracy and the Politics of Illusion. In Comaroff, Jean and Comaroff, John L., eds., Civil Society and the Political Imagination in Africa: Critical Perspectives. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 267308.Google Scholar
Astarita, Martín. 2014. Los Usos Políticos de la Corrupción en la Argentina en los Años Noventa: Una Perspectiva Histórica. Revista Estado y Políticas 3: 171–90.Google Scholar
Austen, Ralph. 1993. The Moral Economy of Witchcraft: An Essay in Comparative History. In Comaroff, Jean and Comaroff, John L., eds., Modernity and Its Malcontents: Ritual and Power in Postcolonial Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 89110.Google Scholar
Auyero, Javier. 1999. “From the Client's Point of View”: How Poor People Perceive and Evaluate Political Clientelism. Theory and Society 28, 2: 297334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bähre, Erik. 2005. How to Ignore Corruption: Reporting on the Shortcomings of Development in South Africa. Current Anthropology 46, 1: 107–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrera, Leticia. 2013. Performing the Court: Public Hearings and the Politics of Judicial Transparency in Argentina. PoLAR 26, 2: 326–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bataille, Georges. 1991. The Accursed Share, Volume III: Sovereignty. Hurley, Robert, trans. New York: Zone Books.Google Scholar
Bauman, Richard. 1986. Story, Performance, and Event: Contextual Studies of Oral Narrative. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayart, Jean-Francois, et al. 1999. The Criminalization of the State in Africa. Ellis, Stephen, trans. Bloomington: International African Institute.Google Scholar
Behringer, Wolfgang. 2004. Witches and Witch-Hunts: A Global History. New York: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Blunt, Robert. 2004. “Satan Is an Imitator”: Kenya's Recent Cosmology of Corruption. In Weiss, Brad, ed., Producing African Futures: Ritual and Reproduction in a Neoliberal Age. Boston: Brill, 294328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bratsis, Peter. 2003. The Construction of Corruption, or Rules of Separation and Illusions of Purity in Bourgeois Societies. Social Text 77: 934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chakrabarty, Dipesh. 2000. Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha. 2004. Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Comaroff, Jean and Comaroff, John L.. 2006. Law and Disorder in the Postcolony. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corbin, John. 2004. Interés, Morality, and Legality in Southern Spain. In Pardo, Italo, ed., Between Morality and the Law: Corruption, Anthropology, and Comparative Society. Burlington: Ashgate, 1932.Google Scholar
Corradi, Juan. 1985. The Fitful Republic: Economy, Society, and Politics in Argentina. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Corrigan, Philip and Sayer, Derek. 1985. The Great Arch: State Formation as Cultural Revolution. New York: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Eigen, Peter. 2004. Las Redes de la Corrupción: La Sociedad Civil Contra los Abusos del Poder. Barcelona: Del Bronce.Google Scholar
Eisenstadt, S. N. and Roniger, L.. 1984. Patrons, Clients, and Friends: Interpersonal Relations and the Structure of Trust in Society. Winston-Salem: Wake Forest University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elyachar, Julia. 2005. Comments on “How to Ignore Corruption” by Erik Bähre. Current Anthropology 46, 1: 107–20.Google Scholar
Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1937. Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Feitlowitz, Marguerite. 1998. A Lexicon of Terror: Argentina and the Legacies of Torture. New York: Oxford.Google Scholar
Ferme, Marianne. 1999. Staging Politisi: The Dialogics of Publicity and Secrecy in Sierra Leone. In Comaroff, Jean and Comaroff, John L., eds., Civil Society and the Political Imagination in Africa: Critical Perspectives. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 160–91.Google Scholar
FREPASO. 1994. Campaign publicity. Clarín, 18 May: 12.Google Scholar
Gal, Susan and Irvine, Judith. 2000. Language Ideology and Linguistic Differentiation. In Kroskrity, Paul V., ed., Regimes of Language. New York: SAR Press, 3584.Google Scholar
Gandsman, Ari. 2009. “A Prick of a Needle Can Do No Harm”: Compulsory Extraction of Blood in the Search for the Children of Argentina's Disappeared. Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Anthropology 14, 1: 162–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garguin, Enrique. 2009. “Los Argentinos Descendemos de los Barcos”: Articulación Racial de la Identidad de Clase Media en Argentina (1920–1960). In Visacovsky, Sergio and Garguin, Enrique, eds., Moralidades, Economías e Identidades de Clase Media: Estudios Históricos y Etnográficos. Buenos Aires: Editorial Antropofagia, 6194.Google Scholar
Geschiere, Peter. 1997. The Modernity of Witchcraft. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.Google Scholar
Geschiere, Peter. 2013. Witchcraft, Intimacy, and Trust. Chicago: Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gledhill, John. 2003. Introduction: Old Economy, New Economy; Old Corruption, New Corruption. Social Analysis 47, 3: 130–35.Google Scholar
Gordillo, Gastón. 2003. Indigenous Struggles and Contested Identities in Argentina. Journal of Latin American Anthropology 8, 3: 430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Granovetter, Mark. 2007. The Social Construction of Corruption. In Swedberg, Richard, ed., On Capitalism. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 152–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grimson, Alejandro. 2004. La Cultura en las Crisis Latinoamericanas. Buenos Aires: CLACSO.Google Scholar
Guano, Emanuela. 2004. The Denial of Citizenship: “Barbaric” Buenos Aires and the Middle-Class Imaginary. City and Society 16, 1: 6997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, Akhil. 1995. Blurred Boundaries: The Discourse of Corruption, the Culture of Politics, and the State. American Ethnologist 22, 2: 375402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, Akhil. 2014. Red Tape: Bureaucracy, Structural Violence, and Poverty in India. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hasty, Jennifer. 2005. The Pleasures of Corruption: Desire and Discipline in Ghanaian Political Culture. Cultural Anthropology 20, 2: 271301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hetherington, Kregg. 2011. Guerrilla Auditors: The Politics of Transparency in Neoliberal Paraguay. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Hill, Jane. 1995. The Voices of Don Gabriel: Responsibility and Self in a Modern Mexicano Narrative. In Tedlock, Denis and Mannheim, Bruce, eds., The Dialogic Emergence of Culture. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 97147.Google Scholar
Humphrey, Caroline. 2001. Rethinking Bribery in Contemporary Russia. In Ledeneva, Alena, ed., Bribery and Blat in Russia: Negotiating Reciprocity from the Middle Ages to the 1990s. New York: Palgrave, 216–41.Google Scholar
Hutton, Ronald. 2004. Anthropological and Historical Approaches to Witchcraft: Potential for New Collaboration? Historical Journal 47, 2: 413–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, Jennifer. 2009. To Tell It Directly or Not: Coding Transparency and Corruption in Malagasy Political Oratory. Language in Society 38: 4769.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, Gabriel and Minujín, Alberto. 1995. La Nueva Pobreza en la Argentina. Buenos Aires: Planeta.Google Scholar
Lazar, Sian. 2005. Citizens Despite the State: Everyday Corruption and Local Politics in El Alto, Bolivia. In Haller, Dieter and Shore, Cris, eds., Corruption: Anthropological Perspectives. London: Pluto Press, 212–28.Google Scholar
Levack, Brian. 1987. The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1963. The Sorcerer and His Magic. In Structural Anthropology. Jacobson, Claire, trans. New York: Basic Books, 167–85.Google Scholar
Levitsky, Steven. 2005. The Politics of Institutional Weakness. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Llach, Lucas. 2004. ¿Dos Décadas Perdidas? Desafíos, Respuestas y Resultados de la Política Económica de la Democracia. In Novaro, Marcos and Palermo, Vicente, eds., La Historia Reciente: Argentina en Democracia. Buenos Aires: Edhasa, 133–54.Google Scholar
Lomnitz, Claudio. 1995. Ritual, Rumor, and Corruption in the Constitution of Polity in Modern Mexico. Journal of Latin American Anthropology 1, 1: 2047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maradona, Diego. 2000. Yo Soy el Diego. Buenos Aires: Planeta.Google Scholar
Mazzarella, William. 2006. Internet X-Ray: E-Governance, Transparency, and the Politics of Immediation in India. Public Culture 18, 3: 473505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mbembe, Achille. 2001. On the Postcolony. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Milanesio, Natalia. 2010. Peronists and Cabecitas: Stereotypes and Anxieties at the Peak of Social Change. In Karush, Matthew and Charmosa, Oscar, eds., The New Cultural History of Peronism. Durham: Duke University Press, 5384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minujín, Alberto and Anguita, Eduardo. 2004. La Clase Media: Seducida y Abandonada. Buenos Aires: Edhasa.Google Scholar
Morris, Rosalind. 2004. Intimacy and Corruption in Thailand's Age of Transparency. In Shryock, Andrew, ed., Off Stage, On Display: Intimacy and Ethnography in the Age of Public Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 225–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muir, Sarah. 2015. The Currency of Failure: Money and Middle-Class Suspicion in Post-Crisis Buenos Aires. Cultural Anthropology 30, 2: 310–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muir, Sarah. n.d. “Argentine Afterword: Class, Critique, and the Experience of Routinized” Crisis. MSS.Google Scholar
Munck, Ronaldo. 2001. Argentina, or the Political Economy of Collapse. International Journal of Political Economy 31, 3: 6788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munn, Nancy. 1992. The Fame of Gawa: A Symbolic Study of Value Transformation in a Massim (Papua New Guinea) Society. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo. 1992. Delegative Democracy? Notre Dame: Kellogg Institute.Google Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo. 2007. Dissonances: Democratic Critiques of Democracy. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Osburg, John. 2013. Anxious Wealth: Money and Morality among China's New Rich. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Palermo, Vicente. 2012. Entre la Memoria y el Olvido: Represión, Guerra y Democracia en la Argentina. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Research 10, 2: 131–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piot, Carles. 2010. Nostalgia for the Future: West Africa after the Cold War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pocock, J.G.A. 1975. The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ramella, Susana. 2004. Una Argentina Racista: Historia de las Ideas Acerca de su Pueblo y su Población (1930–1950). Cuyo: UNCuyo.Google Scholar
Robischeaux, Thomas. 2009. The Last Witch of Langenburg: Murder in a German Village. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Roitman, Janet. 2004. Fiscal Disobedience: An Anthropology of Economic Regulation in Central Africa. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sanders, Todd. 2003. Invisible Hands and Visible Goods: Revealed and Concealed Economies in Millennial Tanzania. In Sanders, Todd and West, Harry, eds., Transparency and Conspiracy: Ethnographies of Suspicion in the New World Order. Durham: Duke University Press, 148–74.Google Scholar
de Sardan, J. P. Olivier. 1999. A Moral Economy of Corruption in Africa? Journal of Modern African Studies 37, 1: 2552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarmiento, Domingo. 2003 [1845]. Facundo: Civilization and Barbarism. Ross, Kathleen, trans. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Sautu, Ruth. 2004. Catálogo de Prácticas Corruptas: Corrupción, Confianza y Democracia. Buenos Aires: Lumiere.Google Scholar
Scarre, Geoffrey and Callow, John. 2001. Witchcraft and Magic in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Europe. New York: Palgrave.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, Jane C. and Schneider, Peter T.. 2003. Reversible Destiny: Mafia, Antimafia, and the Struggle for Palermo. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shore, Cris. 2005. Culture and Corruption in the EU: Reflections on Fraud, Nepotism, and Cronyism in the European Commission. In Haller, Dieter and Shore, Cris, eds., Corruption: Anthropological Perspectives. London: Pluto Press, 131–55.Google Scholar
Siegel, James. 2006. Naming the Witch. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Simonetti, José M. 2002. El Fin de la Inocencia: Ensayos sobre la Corrupción y la Ilegalidad del Poder. Quilmes: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.Google Scholar
Smart, Alan. 1993. Gifts, Bribes, and Guanxi: A Reconsideration of Bourdieu's Social Capital. Cultural Anthropology 8, 3: 388408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Daniel Jordan. 2008. A Culture of Corruption: Everyday Deception and Popular Discontent in Nigeria. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sorensen, Diana. 1996. Facundo and the Construction of Argentine Culture. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Svampa, Maristella. 2005. La Sociedad Excluyente: La Argentina Bajo el Signo del Neoliberalismo. Buenos Aires: Taurus.Google Scholar
Taussig, Michael. 1999. Defacement: Public Secrecy and the Labor of the Negative. Stanford: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trevor-Roper, Hugh. 1969. The European Witch-Craze of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
Turner, Victor. 1957. Schism and Continuity in an African Society: A Study of Ndembu Village Life. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Urban, Greg. 1987. The “I” of Discourse. Working Papers and Proceedings of the Center for Psychosocial Studies, no. 10. Chicago.Google Scholar
Visacovsky, Sergio. 2009. Imágenes de la “Clase Media” en la Prensa Escrita Argentina Durante la Llamada “Crisis del 2001–2002.” In Visacovsky, Sergio and Garguin, Enrique, eds., Moralidades, Economías e Identidades de Clase Media: Estudios Históricos y Etnográficos. Buenos Aires: Editorial Antropofagia, 247–78.Google Scholar
Warner, Michael. 2005. Publics and Counter-Publics. New York: Zone.Google Scholar
West, Harry. 2005. Kupilikula: Governance and the Invisible Realm in Mozambique. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, Monica. 1951. Witch Beliefs and Social Structure. American Journal of Sociology 56, 4: 307–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar