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Influences of victimization and comorbid conditions on substance use disorder outcomes in justice-involved youth: A discrete time survival mixture analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2019

Jordan P. Davis Open the ORCID record for Jordan P. Davis [Opens in a new window] ,
Tim Janssen ,
Emily R. Dworkin ,
Tara M. Dumas ,
Jeremy Goldbach  and
John Monterosso
Jordan P. Davis*
Affiliation:
Department of Children, Youth, and Families, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Tim Janssen
Affiliation:
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Emily R. Dworkin
Affiliation:
Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Tara M. Dumas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Huron University College at Western University, London, ON, Canada
Jeremy Goldbach
Affiliation:
Department of Children, Youth, and Families, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
John Monterosso
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Jordan P. Davis, 669 W 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA90089; E-mail: jordanpd@usc.edu.
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Abstract

To understand how exposure to victimization during adolescence and the presence of comorbid psychological conditions influence substance use treatment entry and substance use disorder diagnosis from 14 to 25 years old among serious juvenile offenders, this study included 1,354 serious juvenile offenders who were prospectively followed over 7 years. Growth mixture modeling was used to assess profiles of early victimization during adolescence (14–17 years). Discrete time survival mixture analysis was used to assess time to treatment entry and substance use disorder diagnosis. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were used as predictors of survival time. Mixture models revealed three profiles of victimization: sustained poly-victimization, moderate/decreasing victimization, and low victimization. Youth in the sustained poly-victimization class were more likely to enter treatment earlier and have a substance use diagnosis earlier than other classes. PTSD was a significant predictor of treatment entry for youth in the sustained poly-victimization class, and MDD was a significant predictor of substance use disorder diagnosis for youth in the moderate/decreasing victimization class. Therefore, substance use prevention programming targeted at youth experiencing poly-victimization in early adolescence—especially those who have PTSD or MDD—is needed.

Keywords

addiction treatmentadolescentdepressionjuvenile justicetrauma
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , August 2020 , pp. 1045 - 1058
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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