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Simultaneously examining negative appraisals, emotion reactivity, and cognitive reactivity in relation to depressive symptoms in children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

David A. Cole ,
Rachel L. Zelkowitz ,
Elizabeth A. Nick ,
Sophia R. Lubarsky  and
Jason D. Rights
David A. Cole*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
Rachel L. Zelkowitz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
Elizabeth A. Nick
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
Sophia R. Lubarsky
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
Jason D. Rights
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: David A. Cole, Department of Psychology and Human Development Peabody College, Box 512, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203; E-mail: david.cole@vanderbilt.edu.
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Abstract

Prior theory and research have linked negative appraisals (NA), emotion reactivity (ER), and cognitive reactivity (CR) to depression; however, few studies have examined whether even two of these constructs simultaneously, but none have done so in child or adolescent populations. A total of 571 youths (ages 9–13) completed a novel procedure in which all three constructs were assessed in response to the same personally relevant, hypothetical, peer victimization events. Multilevel modeling enabled the extraction of dynamic, within-person, latent-variable measures of NA, ER, and CR. All three constructs were related to children's depressive symptoms in ways that were commensurate with most (but not all) theoretical frameworks. Gender and age differences also emerged. Support for an NA-predicts-ER-predicts-CR model suggests ways that these constructs can be integrated into a more complete, transtheoretical understanding of the cognitive-emotional substrate of depression in children.

Keywords

cognitive reactivitydepressionemotion reactivitynegative appraisalspeer victimization
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , October 2019 , pp. 1527 - 1540
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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