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Behavioral and electrophysiological indices of inhibitory control in maltreated adolescents and nonmaltreated adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2020

Jacqueline Bruce Open the ORCID record for Jacqueline Bruce [Opens in a new window]  and
Hyoun K. Kim
Jacqueline Bruce*
Affiliation:
Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR, USA
Hyoun K. Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
*
Author for Correspondence: Dr. Jacqueline Bruce, Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Boulevard, Eugene, OR97401; E-mail: jackieb@oslc.org
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Abstract

Early adverse experiences are believed to have a profound effect on inhibitory control and the underlying neural regions. In the current study, behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data were collected during a go/no-go task from adolescents who were involved with the child welfare system due to child maltreatment (n = 129) and low-income, nonmaltreated adolescents (n = 102). The nonmaltreated adolescents were more accurate than the maltreated adolescents on the go/no-go task, particularly on the no-go trials. Paralleling the results with typically developing populations, the nonmaltreated adolescents displayed a more pronounced amplitude of the N2 during the no-go trials than during the go trials. However, the maltreated adolescents demonstrated a more pronounced amplitude of the N2 during the go trials than during the no-go trials. Furthermore, while the groups did not differ during the go trials, the nonmaltreated adolescents displayed a more negative amplitude of the N2 than the maltreated adolescents during no-go trials. In contrast, there was not a significant group difference in amplitude of the P3. Taken together, these results provide evidence that the early adverse experiences encountered by maltreated populations impact inhibitory control and the underlying neural activity in early adolescence.

Keywords

adolescencechild maltreatmentevent-related potentialgo/no-go taskinhibitory control
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , August 2022 , pp. 1054 - 1063
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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