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Face emotion labeling deficits in children with bipolar disorder and severe mood dysregulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2008

Brendan A. Rich ,
Mary E. Grimley ,
Mariana Schmajuk ,
Karina S. Blair ,
R. J. R. Blair  and
Ellen Leibenluft
Brendan A. Rich*
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
Mary E. Grimley
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
Mariana Schmajuk
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
Karina S. Blair
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
R. J. R. Blair
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
Ellen Leibenluft
Affiliation:
National Institute of Mental Health
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Brendan A. Rich, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 15K, Room 204, MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD 20892-2670; E-mail: brendanrich@mail.nih.gov.
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Abstract

Children with narrow phenotype bipolar disorder (NP-BD; i.e., history of at least one hypomanic or manic episode with euphoric mood) are deficient when labeling face emotions. It is unknown if this deficit is specific to particular emotions, or if it extends to children with severe mood dysregulation (SMD; i.e., chronic irritability and hyperarousal without episodes of mania). Thirty-nine NP-BD, 31 SMD, and 36 control subjects completed the emotional expression multimorph task, which presents gradations of facial emotions from 100% neutrality to 100% emotional expression (happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, and disgust). Groups were compared in terms of intensity of emotion required before identification occurred and accuracy. Both NP-BD and SMD youth required significantly more morphs than controls to label correctly disgusted, surprised, fearful, and happy faces. Impaired face labeling correlated with deficient social reciprocity skills in NP-BD youth and dysfunctional family relationships in SMD youth. Compared to controls, patients with NP-BD or SMD require significantly more intense facial emotion before they are able to label the emotion correctly. These deficits are associated with psychosocial impairments. Understanding the neural circuitry associated with face-labeling deficits has the potential to clarify the pathophysiology of these disorders.

Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , Spring 2008 , pp. 529 - 546
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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Footnotes

This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIMH. We gratefully acknowledge the children and families of patients and controls without whose participation this research would not have been possible. We also thank the staff of the Section on Bipolar Spectrum Disorders at the NIMH.

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