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Gyrification and neural connectivity in schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 January 2011

Tonya White  and
Claus C. Hilgetag
Tonya White*
Affiliation:
Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam University of Minnesota
Claus C. Hilgetag
Affiliation:
Jacobs University Bremen Boston University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Tonya White, Afdeling Kinder-en Jeugdpsychiatrie, Erasmus Medical Centre, Sophia, kamer wk219, Postbus 2060, Rotterdam 3000 CB, The Netherlands; E-mail: t.white@erasmusmc.nl.
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Abstract

There is emerging evidence for a connection between the surface morphology of the brain and its underlying connectivity. The foundation for this relationship is thought to be established during brain development through the shaping influences of tension exerted by viscoelastic nerve fibers. The tension-based morphogenesis results in compact wiring that enhances efficient neural processing. Individuals with schizophrenia present with multiple symptoms that can include impaired thought, action, perception, and cognition. The global nature of these symptoms has led researchers to explore a more global disruption of neuronal connectivity as a theory to explain the vast array of clinical and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. If cerebral function and form are linked through the organization of neural connectivity, then a disruption in neural connectivity may also alter the surface morphology of the brain. This paper reviews developmental theories of gyrification and the potential interaction between gyrification and neuronal connectivity. Studies of gyrification abnormalities in children, adolescents, and adults with schizophrenia demonstrate a relationship between disrupted function and altered morphology in the surface patterns of the cerebral cortex. This altered form may provide helpful clues in understanding the neurobiological abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , February 2011 , pp. 339 - 352
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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