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The influence of upward social comparison on social network sites on middle school students’ depression: A two-wave multiple mediation model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2025

Mengmeng Yuan ,
Yan Sun Open the ORCID record for Yan Sun [Opens in a new window] ,
Yijin Wang  and
Lei Yu
Mengmeng Yuan
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
Yan Sun*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
Yijin Wang
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
Lei Yu
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
*
Corresponding author: Yan Sun; Email: sunyan@lnnu.edu.cn.
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Abstract

There is a lack of longitudinal data on the relationship between upward social comparison on social network sites (SNSs) and depression and its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between upward social comparison on social network sites and depression and analyze the mediating effects of self-concept clarity and self-esteem in this relationship. We employed a two-wave longitudinal design among 1179 Chinese middle school students. The results indicated that : upward social comparison on SNSs predicted middle school students’ depression; Self-concept clarity and self-esteem sequentially mediated the relationship between upward social comparison on SNSs and middle school students’ subsequent depression. These results suggested that three types of interventions could be effectively used to decrease the risk of depression among middle school students.

Keywords

middle school studentsdepressionupward social comparisonself-concept clarityself-esteem
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , First View , pp. 1 - 9
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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