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Long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment: Altered amygdala functional connectivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2015

Kelly Jedd ,
Ruskin H. Hunt ,
Dante Cicchetti ,
Emily Hunt ,
Raquel A. Cowell ,
Fred A. Rogosch ,
Sheree L. Toth  and
Kathleen M. Thomas
Kelly Jedd*
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development
Ruskin H. Hunt
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development
Dante Cicchetti
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development University of Rochester Mt. Hope Family Center
Emily Hunt
Affiliation:
University of Rochester Mt. Hope Family Center
Raquel A. Cowell
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development St. Norbert College
Fred A. Rogosch
Affiliation:
University of Rochester Mt. Hope Family Center
Sheree L. Toth
Affiliation:
University of Rochester Mt. Hope Family Center
Kathleen M. Thomas
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Kelly Jedd, Institute of Child Development, 51 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455; E-mail: jeddx002@umn.edu.
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Abstract

Childhood maltreatment is a serious individual, familial, and societal threat that compromises healthy development and is associated with lasting alterations to emotion perception, processing, and regulation (Cicchetti & Curtis, 2005; Pollak, Cicchetti, Hornung, & Reed, 2000; Pollak & Tolley-Schell, 2003). Individuals with a history of maltreatment show altered structural and functional brain development in both frontal and limbic structures (Hart & Rubia, 2012). In particular, previous research has identified hyperactive amygdala responsivity associated with childhood maltreatment (e.g., Dannlowski et al., 2012). However, less is known about the impact of maltreatment on the relationship between the amygdala and other brain regions. The present study employed an emotion processing functional magnetic resonance imaging task to examine task-based activation and functional connectivity in adults who experienced maltreatment as children. The sample included adults with a history of substantiated childhood maltreatment (n = 33) and comparison adults (n = 38) who were well matched on demographic variables, all of whom have been studied prospectively since childhood. The maltreated group exhibited greater activation than comparison participants in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. In addition, maltreated adults showed increased amygdala connectivity with the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results suggest that the intense early stress of childhood maltreatment is associated with lasting alterations to frontolimbic circuitry.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 27 , Special Issue 4pt2: Multilevel Developmental Perspectives on Child Maltreatment , November 2015 , pp. 1577 - 1589
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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