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The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2020

Jenna C. Thomas-Argyriou Open the ORCID record for Jenna C. Thomas-Argyriou [Opens in a new window] ,
Nicole Letourneau ,
Deborah Dewey ,
Tavis S. Campbell ,
Gerald F. Giesbrecht Open the ORCID record for Gerald F. Giesbrecht [Opens in a new window]  and
the APrON Study Team
Jenna C. Thomas-Argyriou
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Nicole Letourneau
Affiliation:
Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Faculty of Nursing & Cumming School of Medicine (Pediatrics, Psychiatry & Community Health Sciences), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Deborah Dewey
Affiliation:
Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Tavis S. Campbell
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Gerald F. Giesbrecht*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
*
Author for Correspondence: Gerald F. Giesbrecht, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary Child Development Center, #355, 3820–24 Ave, NW, Calgary, AB, Canada, T3B 2X9; E-mail: ggiesbre@ucalgary.ca
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Abstract

The current study aimed to understand the mediating and/or moderating role of prenatal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function in the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 4. The influence of timing and child sex were also explored. Participants were 248 mother–child dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal ACEs were retrospectively assessed while maternal self-reported depression and diurnal salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6–26 weeks gestation (T1) and 27–37 weeks gestation (T2). Maternal report of child internalizing and externalizing problems was assessed at 4 years (T3). Results revealed that there was a negative indirect association between maternal ACEs and child internalizing behavior via a higher maternal cortisol awakening response (CAR). Maternal diurnal cortisol slope moderated the association between maternal ACEs and child behavior problems. Some of these effects were dependent on child sex, such that higher ACEs and a flatter diurnal slope at T1 was associated with more internalizing behavior in female children and more externalizing behavior in male children. There were timing effects such that the mediating and moderating effects were strongest at T1.

Keywords

adverse childhood experienceschild behaviorHPA axisintergenerational transmission of stresspregnancy
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 284 - 300
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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