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The Intersection of Care Seeking and Clinical Capacity for Patients With Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus in Indonesia: Knowledge and Treatment Practices of the Public and Physicians

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2016

Jennifer M. Kreslake ,
Yunita Wahyuningrum ,
Angela D. Iuliano ,
Aaron D. Storms ,
Kathryn E. Lafond ,
Amalya Mangiri ,
Catharina Y. Praptiningsih ,
Basil Safi ,
Timothy M. Uyeki  and
J. Douglas Storey
Jennifer M. Kreslake*
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, Maryland
Yunita Wahyuningrum
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, Maryland
Angela D. Iuliano
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia
Aaron D. Storms
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Jakarta, Indonesia
Kathryn E. Lafond
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia
Amalya Mangiri
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia
Catharina Y. Praptiningsih
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Basil Safi
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, Maryland
Timothy M. Uyeki
Affiliation:
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta, Georgia
J. Douglas Storey
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, Maryland
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Jennifer M. Kreslake, PhD, MPH, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Hampton House, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205 (e-mail: jkreslak@jhsph.edu).
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Abstract

Background

Indonesia has the highest human mortality from highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus infection in the world.

Methods

A survey of households (N=2520) measured treatment sources and beliefs among symptomatic household members. A survey of physicians (N=554) in various types of health care facilities measured knowledge, assessment and testing behaviors, and perceived clinical capacity.

Results

Households reported confidence in health care system capacity but infrequently sought treatment for potential HPAI H5N1 signs/symptoms. More clinicians were confident in their knowledge of diagnosis and treatment than in the adequacy of related equipment and resources at their facilities. Physicians expressed awareness of the HPAI H5N1 suspect case definition, yet expressed only moderate knowledge in questioning symptomatic patients about exposures. Self-reported likelihood of testing for HPAI H5N1 virus was high after learning of certain exposures. Knowledge of antiviral treatment was moderate, but it was higher among clinicians in puskesmas. Physicians in private outpatient clinics, the most heavily used facilities, reported the lowest confidence in their diagnostic and treatment capabilities.

Conclusions

Educational campaigns can encourage recall of possible poultry exposure when patients are experiencing signs/symptoms and can raise awareness of the effectiveness of antivirals to drive people to seek health care. Clinicians may benefit from training regarding exposure assessment and referral procedures, particularly in private clinics. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:838–847)

Keywords

health care utilizationdelivery of health careinfluenza A virus (H5N1 subtype)health communicationIndonesia
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 10 , Issue 6 , December 2016 , pp. 838 - 847
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2016 

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