Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T21:49:51.359Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Managing Community Resilience to Climate Extremes, Rapid Unsustainable Urbanization, Emergencies of Scarcity, and Biodiversity Crises by Use of a Disaster Risk Reduction Bank

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 October 2015

Deon V. Canyon ,
Frederick M. Burkle Jr  and
Rick Speare
Deon V. Canyon*
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health Sciences, Health Policy and Management, and Global Health Protection and Security, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
Frederick M. Burkle Jr
Affiliation:
Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, DC
Rick Speare
Affiliation:
Tropical Health Solutions Pty Ltd and James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Deon Canyon, 1960 East-West Rd, Biomed D204, Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu 96822 HI USA (e-mail: dcanyon@hawaii.edu).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Earth’s climate is changing and national and international decision-makers are recognizing that global health security requires urgent attention and a significant investment to protect the future. In most locations, current data are inadequate to conduct a full assessment of the direct and indirect health impacts of climate change. All states require this information to evaluate community-level resilience to climate extremes and climate change. A model that is being used successfully in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand is recommended to generate rapid information to assist decision-makers in the event of a disaster. The model overcomes barriers to success inherent in the traditional ‘‘top-down’’ approach to managing crises and recognizes the capacity of capable citizens and community organizers to facilitate response and recovery if provided the opportunity and resources. Local information is a prerequisite for strategic and tactical statewide planning. Time and resources are required to analyze risks within each community and what is required to prevent (mitigate), prepare, respond, recover (rehabilitate), anticipate, and assess any threatening events. Specific requirements at all levels from state to community must emphasize community roles by focusing on how best to maintain, respond, and recover public health protections and the infrastructure necessary for health security. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:619–624)

Keywords

health securityhealth protectionpreparednessdisaster risk reduction
Type
Brief Reports
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 9 , Issue 6 , December 2015 , pp. 619 - 624
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Burkle, FM Jr. Redefining the public health of nations [slide presentation]. Presented at Hawaii: Center of Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance; 1993; Honolulu, Hawaii.Google Scholar
2. Hyogo Declaration. World Conference on Disaster Reduction, 18-22 January 2005, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. New York, NY: United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction; 2005. http://www.unisdr.org/2005/wcdr/intergover/official-doc/L-docs/Hyogo-declaration-english.pdf. Accessed November 23, 2014.Google Scholar
3. Burkle, FM Jr, Egawa, S, MacIntyre, AG, et al. The 2015 Hyogo Framework for action: cautious optimism. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2014;8(3):191-192.Google Scholar
4. Burkle, FM Jr, Martone, G, Greenough, PG. The changing face of humanitarian crises. Brown J World Affairs. 2014;20(2):25-42.Google Scholar
5. Multihazard Mitigation Council. Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: An Independent Study to Assess the Future Savings From Mitigation Activities. Volume 1: Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations. Washington, DC: Institute of Building Sciences; 2005.Google Scholar
6. Burkle, FM Jr. Hyogo Declaration and the cultural map of the world. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2014;8(4):280-282.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. WHO. Climate change and health. 62nd World Health Assembly. Item A62/11, 2009. http://www.who.int/globalchange/A62_11_en.pdf. Accessed September 28, 2015.Google Scholar
8. Norris, FH, Stevens, SP, Pfefferbaum, B, et al. Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. Am J Community Psychol. 2008;41(1-2):127-150.Google Scholar
9. Portier, CJ, Thigpen Tart, K. A Human Health Perspective on Climate Change: A Report Outlining the Research Needs on the Human Health Effects of Climate Change. Research Triangle Park, NC: Environmental Health Perspectives/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; 2010.Google Scholar
10. Morecroft, MD, Crick, HQP, Duffield, SJ, et al. Resilience to climate change: translating principles into practice. J Appl Ecol . 2012;49:547-551.Google Scholar
11. Mitroff, I. Smart Thinking for Crazy Times: The Art of Solving the Right Problems. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers; 1998.Google Scholar
12. Winderl, T. Disaster Resilience Measurements: Stocktaking of Ongoing Efforts in Developing Systems for Measuring Resilience. New York, NY: United Nations Development Programme; 2014.Google Scholar
13. McColl, GJ, Burkle, FM Jr. The new normal: twelve months of resiliency and recovery in Christchurch. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2012;6(1):33-43.Google Scholar
14. Béné, C, Wood, RG, Newsham, A, et al. Resilience: New Utopia or New Tyranny? Working Paper 405. Brighton, United Kingdom: Institute of Development Studies; 2012. http://www.ids.ac.uk/publication/resilience-new-utopia-or-new-tyranny.Google Scholar
15. Burkle, FM Jr. Do pandemic preparedness planning systems ignore critical community- and local-level operational challenges? Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2010;4(1):24-29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Canton, LG. Emergency management: a social science perspective. In: Canton LG, ed. Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2007:47-50.Google Scholar
17. Rogers, P. Development of resilient Australia: enhancing the PPRR approach with anticipation, assessment and registration of risks. Aust J Emerg Management. 2011;26(1):54-58.Google Scholar
18. Reaves, EJ, Termini, M, Burkle, FM Jr. Reshaping US Navy Pacific response in mitigating disaster risk in South Pacific Island nations: adopting community-based disaster cycle management. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(1):1-9.Google Scholar
19. Burkle, FM Jr. The limits to our capacity: reflections on resiliency, community engagement, and recovery in 21st-century crises. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2011;5(suppl 2):S176-S181.Google Scholar
20. Coles, E, Buckle, P. Developing community resilience as a foundation for effective disaster recovery. Aust J Emerg Management. 2004;19(4):6-15.Google Scholar
21. Holling, CS. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annu Rev Ecol Systematics. 1973;4:1-23.Google Scholar
22. Bielawski, E. Inuit indigenous knowledge and science in the Arctic, 219-228. In: Peterson DL, ed. Human Ecology and Climate Change: People and Resources in the Far North. Washington, DC: Taylor and Francis; 1995.Google Scholar
23. Fast, H, Berkes, F. Climate change, northern subsistence and land-based economies. In: Avis W, ed. Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptation. Ottawa, Canada: Environment Canada; 1998:206-226.Google Scholar
24. Riedlinger, D, Berkes, F. Contributions of traditional knowledge to understanding climate change in the Canadian Arctic. Polar Record. 2001;37(203):315-328.Google Scholar
25. Usher, PJ. Traditional ecological knowledge in environmental assessment and management. Arctic. 2000;53(2):183-193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Dolan, AH, Walker, IJ. Understanding vulnerability of coastal communities to climate change related risks. Social Ecological Resilience to Coastal Disasters. J Coastal Res. 2006;S139:1316-1323.Google Scholar
27. Arbon, P, Gebbie, K, Cusak, L, et al. Developing a model and tool to measure community disaster resilience. Community disaster resilience scorecard toolkit. Adelaide, Australia: Torrens Resilience Institute; 2012.Google Scholar
28. Arbon, P, Gebbie, K, Cusak, L, et al. Developing a model and tool to measure community disaster resilience. Aust J Emerg Management. 2014;29(4):12-16.Google Scholar
29. Levine, S. Assessing resilience: why quantification misses the point. Humanitarian Policy Group Working Paper. London: Overseas Development Institute; 2014.Google Scholar