No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Person-to-Person Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Among Family Members in Eastern China, 2016
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 March 2020
Abstract
Objective:
Human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus are associated with exposure to poultry and live poultry markets, but the evidence of person-to-person transmission remains limited. This study reports a suspected person-to-person transmission of H7N9 virus, and explores what factors influenced this transmission.
Methods:
We interviewed 2 patients with H7N9 infection and their family members as well as health-care workers. Samples from the patients and environments were tested by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Results:
The index patient became ill 5 to 6 days after his last exposure to the poultry bought in the market of Weimiao town. The second patient, the sister of the index patient, who had sustained intensive and unprotected close contact with the index patient, had no exposure to poultry. This study documents that the H7N9 virus was transmitted directly from the index patient to his sister.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that person-to-person transmission may be associated with sustained close contact with the patient during his onset of early stage, when the H7N9 viral shedding increases sharply.
- Type
- Brief Report
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2020 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.
References
REFERENCES
Wang, X, Jiang, H, Wu, P, et al. Epidemiology of avian influenza A H7N9 virus in human beings across five epidemics in mainland China, 2013-17: an epidemiological study of laboratory-confirmed case series. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(8):822–832.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bertran, K, Perez-Ramirez, E, Busquets, N, et al. Pathogenesis and transmissibility of highly (H7N1) and low (H7N9) pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa). Vet Res. 2011;42:24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ke, C, Mok, CKP, Zhu, W, et al. Human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(8):1332–1340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bao, CJ, Cui, LB, Zhou, MH, et al. Live-animal markets and influenza A (H7N9) virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(24):2337–2339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, Y, Liang, W, Yang, S, et al. Human infections with the emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus from wet market poultry: clinical analysis and characterisation of viral genome. Lancet. 2013;381(9881):1916–1925.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization. Human infection with avain influenza A (H7N9) virus — China. Disease outbreak news February 22, 2017. http://wwwwhoint/csr/don/22-february-2017-ah7n9-china/en/. Accessed May 1, 2017.Google Scholar
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim Guidance on Case Definitions to be Used for Novel Influenza A (H7N9) Case Investigations in the United States. Atlanta: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/h7n9/case-definitions.htm. Accessed June 7, 2013.Google Scholar
Huang, Y, Xu, K, Ren, DF, et al. Probable longer incubation period for human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in Jiangsu Province, China, 2013. Epidemiol Infect. 2014;142(12):2647–2653.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, J, Jin, M, Zhang, P, et al. Epidemiological link between exposure to poultry and all influenza A(H7N9) confirmed cases in Huzhou city, China, March to May 2013. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(20). pii: 20481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, J, Niu, F, Jin, M, et al. Clinical presentation and sequence analyses of HA and NA antigens of the novel H7N9 viruses. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2013;2(5):e23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carrat, F, Vergu, E, Ferguson, NM, et al. Time lines of infection and disease in human influenza: a review of volunteer challenge studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(7):775–785.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brankston, G, Gitterman, L, Hirji, Z, et al. Transmission of influenza A in human beings. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7(4):257–265.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abdel-Ghafar, AN, Chotpitayasunondh, T, Gao, Z, et al. Update on avian influenza A (U.N.) virus infection in humans. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(3):261–273.Google Scholar
Horby, P, Nguyen, NY, Dunstan, SJ, et al. The role of host genetics in susceptibility to influenza: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed