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Prefrontal and Parietal Deficits in ADHD Suggested by Brain Electrical Activity Mapping During Children's Performance of the AX CPT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 October 2015

Maree Farrow ,
Richard B. Silberstein ,
Florence Levy ,
Andrew Pipingas ,
Katie Wood ,
David A. Hay  and
Frederick C. Jarman
Maree Farrow*
Affiliation:
Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne
Richard B. Silberstein
Affiliation:
Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne
Florence Levy
Affiliation:
Avoca Clinic, Prince of Wales Children’s Hospital, Sydney
Andrew Pipingas
Affiliation:
Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne
Katie Wood
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, La Trobe University, Melbourne
David A. Hay
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth
Frederick C. Jarman
Affiliation:
Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne
*
Brain Sciences Institute, Swinbume University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn Victoria 3 122 Australia, Phone: (03) 92 14 52 15, Email: maf@mind.scan.swin.edu.au
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Abstract

Nine children meeting DSM-III-R criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and eighteen normal children participated in this study. A screening assessment revealed significantly more behavioural and academic problems in the ADHD group. Subjects performed a low demand visual vigilance task (the reference task) and the AX version of the continuous perfonnance task (CPT), while the steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) was continuously recorded from 64 scalp electrode sites. The topography of the SSVEP amplitude difference between the reference and AX tasks was examined. In the 3.5 second interval between the appearances of the “A” and the “X” normal children showed transient reductions in right prefrontal SSVEP amplitude and a sustained reduction in right parieto-occipital SSVEP amplitude. These reductions in SSVEP amplitude were not seen in ADHD subjects. These results suggest that the presentation of a priming stimulus is associated with increased activation of right prefrontal and parieto-occipital regions in normal children, whereas the absence of this pattern of activation suggests a deficit in these processes in ADHD.

Keywords

ADHDContinuous Performance TaskRight PrefrontalParieto-occipital
Type
Research Article
Information
The Educational and Developmental Psychologist , Volume 13 , Issue 1: Special Double Issue: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , May 1996 , pp. 59 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © Australian Psychological Society 1996

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