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Antigenic diversity of bovine viral diarrhoea viral isolates contradicts the concept of herd specific strain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 1998

C. HAMERS ,
M. LAMBOT ,
M. ONCLIN ,
C. LECOMTE  and
P.-P. PASTORET
C. HAMERS
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Bld de Colonster, 20, Bat B 43 b, 4000 Liege, Belgium
M. LAMBOT
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Bld de Colonster, 20, Bat B 43 b, 4000 Liege, Belgium
M. ONCLIN
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Bld de Colonster, 20, Bat B 43 b, 4000 Liege, Belgium
C. LECOMTE
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Bld de Colonster, 20, Bat B 43 b, 4000 Liege, Belgium
P.-P. PASTORET
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Immunology-Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Bld de Colonster, 20, Bat B 43 b, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Abstract

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In the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), immunotolerant – persistently infected animals (IPI) appear to be major sources of contamination. These animals produce large quantities of replicating virus and have therefore been proposed as being responsible for generating antigenic variability. However, limited studies have failed to detect antigenic or genetic changes in viruses isolated at different times from IPI. An hypothesis is that the immunotolerance of IPI against their homologous strain is accompanied by immune elimination of antigenic variants. The presence of an IPI in a herd could therefore limit antigenic variation, eventually leading to the existence of herd specific strains. To verify this hypothesis we characterized, against a panel of monoclonal antibodies, 37 BVD virus strains isolated from IPI of 12 herds in Eastern Belgium. Intra-herd antigenic variation was compared to inter-herd variation. Antigenic variation within herds was found to be surprisingly high but, nevertheless, significantly lower than variation between herds.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 121 , Issue 2 , October 1998 , pp. 451 - 457
Copyright
© 1998 Cambridge University Press