Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T22:20:27.218Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Arthropod transmission of rabbit fibromatosis (Shope)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

Herbert T. Dalmat
Herbert T. Dalmat
Affiliation:
(With the technical assistance of James C. Cunningham) U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Tropical Virology, *National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, A. triseriatus, Culex pipiens, C. quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus were all found to be efficient experimental vectors of Shope's virus-induced fibromas of cottontail rabbits, transmitting the virus during interrupted feedings as well as after long intervals from an infective meal. The reduviid bugs, Triatoma infestans, T. phyllosoma pallidipennis and Rhodnius prolixus, and the bedbug, Cimex lectularius, were also capable of transmitting fibroma by interrupted or delayed feeding.

Evidence from various types of experiments indicated that arthropod transmission is mechanical, the virus being extremely stable in the insects. Some experiments did indicate the possibility of virus proliferation. Although mosquitoes did seem to serve as ‘flying pins’ when transmitting virus by interrupted feeding, they certainly were distinctive in that they maintained their ability to transmit for very long periods of time. To transmit fibromas, arthropods actually must draw virus up between the stylets of the mouthparts; mosquitoes were unable to transmit by feeding through skin moistened with a suspension of fibroma virus or by feeding subsequent to having their mouthparts painted with a virus suspension.

While cottontail tumours at peak virus titres are always infective for suitable insects, the fibromas of adult domestic rabbits generally are not infective, even though the virus titre is equivalent. However, the tumours of suckling domestic rabbits do become infective for insects.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 57 , Issue 1 , March 1959 , pp. 1 - 30
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1959

References

REFERENCES

Ahlström, C. G. (1938). The histology of the infectious fibroma in rabbits. J. Path. Bact. 46, 461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahlström, C. G. & Andrewes, C. H. (1938). Fibroma virus infection in tarred rabbits. J. Path. Bact. 47, 65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrewes, C. H., Muirhead-Thomson, R. C. & Stevenson, J. P. (1956). Laboratory studies of Anopheles atroparvus in relation to myxomatosis. J. Hyg., Camb., 54, 478.Google ScholarPubMed
Aragão, H. B. (1943). O virus do mixoma no coelho-do-mato (Sylvilagus minensis), sutransmissão pelos Aedes scapularis e aegypti. Mem. Inst. Osw. Cruz, 38, 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, J. M. & Wharton, G. W. (1950). Studies on North American Chiggers. No. 3. The Subgenus Neotrombicula. Amer. Midl. Nat. 44, 153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brody, A. L. (1936). The transmission of fowl-pox. Mem. Cornell agric. Exp. Sta. 195, 1.Google Scholar
Bryan, W. R., Calnan, D. & Moloney, J. B. (1955). Biological studies on the Rous sarcoma virus. III. The recovery of virus from experimental tumours in relation to initiating dose. J. nat. Cancer. Inst. 16, 317.Google ScholarPubMed
Dalmat, H. T. (1957). Arthropod transmission of virus-induced fibroma and papilloma of cottontail rabbits. Dissertation submitted to The George Washington University in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree.Google Scholar
Dalmat, H. T. (1959a). Effect of X-rays and chemical carcinogens on the infectivity of domestic rabbit fibromas for arthropods. J. infec. Dis. 102, 153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalmat, H. T. (1959b). Passage of Shope's rabbit fibroma virus through one-day-old mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. 97, 219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalmat, H. T. & Stanton, M. F. (1959). The comparative pathogenesis of the infectious fibroma of rabbits in relation to insect infectivity. J. nat. Cancer Inst. 22 (in the Press).Google Scholar
Day, M. F. & Fenner, F. (1953). Mechanical transmission of virus diseases by arthropods. Int. Congr. Microbiol. Rept. Proc. 6th Congr. 2, 586.Google Scholar
Day, M. F. (1955). Mechanisms of transmission of viruses by arthropods. Exp. Parasitol. 4, 387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Day, M. F., Fenner, F., Woodroofe, G. M. & McIntyre, G. A. (1956). Further studies on the mechanism of mosquito transmission of myxomatosis in the European rabbit. J. Hyg., Camb., 54, 258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Day, M. F. (1957). Personal communication.Google Scholar
Duran-Reynals, F. (1945). Immunological factors that influence the neoplastic effects of the rabbit fibroma virus. Cancer Res. 5, 25.Google Scholar
Fenner, F., Day, M. F. & Woodroofe, G. M. (1952). The mechanism of the transmission of myxomatosis in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculi) by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Aust. J. exp. Biol. med. Sci. 30, 139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenner, F. & Woodroofe, G. M. (1954). Protection of laboratory rabbits against myxomatosis by vaccination with fibroma virus. Aust. J. exp. Biol. med. Sci. 32, 653.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harel, J. & Constantin, T. (1954). Sur la malignité des tumeurs provoquées par le virus fibromateux de Shope chez le lapin nouveau-né et le lapin adulte traité par des doses massives de cortisone. Bull. Assoc. franç. Cancer, 41, 482.Google Scholar
Hurlbut, H. S. (1951). The propagation of Japanese encephalitis virus in the mosquito by parenteral introduction and serial passage. Amer. J. trop. Med. 31, 448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyde, K. E. (1936). The relationship between the viruses of infectious myxoma and the Shope fibroma of rabbits. Amer. J. Hyg. 23, 278.Google Scholar
Jacotot, H., Toumanoff, C., Valée, A. & Virat, B. (1954). Transmission de la myxomatose au lapin par Anopheles maculipennis atroparvus et Anopheles stephensi. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 87, 477.Google Scholar
Kidd, J. G. (1939). The masking effect of extravasated antibody on the rabbit papilloma virus (Shope). J. exp. Med. 70, 583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kilham, L. & Woke, P. A. (1953). Laboratory transmission of fibroma (Shope) in cottontail rabbits by means of fleas and mosquitoes. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol., N.Y., 83, 296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kilham, L. & Fisher, E. R. (1954). Pathogenesis of fibromas in cottontail rabbits. Amer. J. Hyg. 59, 104.Google ScholarPubMed
Kilham, L. & Dalmat, H. T. (1955). Host-virus-mosquito relations of Shope fibromas in cottontail rabbits. Amer. J. Hyg. 61, 45.Google ScholarPubMed
Lloyd, B. J. & Kahler, H. (1955). Electron microscopy of the virus of rabbit fibroma. J. nat. Cancer Inst. 15, 991.Google ScholarPubMed
Merrill, M. H. & TenBroeck, C. (1934). Multiplication of equine encephalomyelitis virus in mosquitoes. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol., N.Y., 32, 421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philip, C. B. (1942). Mechanical transmission of rabbit fibromas (Shope) by certain haematophagous bugs. J. Parasit. 28, 395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinkerton, H. (1952). The pathogenesis and pathology of virus infections. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 54, 874.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rendtorff, R. C. & Wilcox, A. (1957). The role of nematodes as an entry for viruses of Shope's fibromas and papillomas of rabbits. J. infec. Dis. 100, 119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ryckman, R. E. & Roos, J. C. (1955). Chiggers associated with squamous papillomata on a Perognathus mouse. J. Parasit. 41, 639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shope, R. E. (1932). A transmissible tumour-like condition in rabbits. J. exp. Med. 56, 793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shope, R. E. (1937). Immunization of rabbits to infectious papillomatosis. J. exp. Med. 65, 219.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shope, R. E. (1940). Swine pox. Arch. ges. Virusforsch. 1, 457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shope, R. E. (1949). The spread of viruses from infected to susceptible hosts. The Diplomate, 21, 235.Google Scholar
Weathersby, A. B. (1952). The role of the stomach wall in the exogenous development of Plasmodium gallinaceum as studied by means of haemocoel injections of susceptible and refractory mosquitoes. J. infec. Dis. 91, 198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitman, L. (1937). The multiplication of the virus of yellow fever in Aedes aegypti. J. exp. Med. 66, 133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed