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A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines

2. Long-term immunity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

A. Clark ,
C. W. Potter ,
R. Jennings ,
J. P. Nicholl ,
A. F. Langrick ,
G. C. Schild ,
J. M. Wood  and
D. A. J. Tyrrell
A. Clark
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
C. W. Potter
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
R. Jennings
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
J. P. Nicholl
Affiliation:
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Community Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, 510 2RX
A. F. Langrick
Affiliation:
Health Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TJ
G. C. Schild
Affiliation:
Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB
J. M. Wood
Affiliation:
Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standardization and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London, NW3 6RB
D. A. J. Tyrrell
Affiliation:
Division of Communicable Diseases, Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ
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Groups of volunteers were immunized with one of three influenza virus vaccines, and the resistance to challenge infection with attenuated influenza A (H1N1) virus was measured 8 months later. The vaccines were aqueous subunit influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine, aqueous subunit influenza B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine, or attenuated influenza virus A (H1N1) vaccine. The B virus vaccine was included as a control to assess the incidence of natural A virus infection during the study period. A proportion of the B virus vaccinees had pre-existing A (H1N1) virus antibody and were used to study the immunity conferred by natural infection to the live virus challenge. The serum antibody responses were measured at 1 and 8 months after immunization. The results showed that all the vaccines induced serum HI antibody in a proportion of the volunteers; however, after 1 month, higher titres of serum antibody were found in volunteers given inactivated A vaccine than in those given live attenuated A virus vaccine. Eight months post-immunization the titres of serum antibody in volunteers given inactivated vaccine had declined significantly, but there were no changes in the antibody titres of those given live virus vaccine. The incidence of infection by the challenge virus at 8 months post-immunization was directly related to the serum antibody titres 1 month post-immunization; no evidence was obtained to suggest that those given live virus vaccine had a more solid immunity than those given inactivated vaccine.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 90 , Issue 3 , June 1983 , pp. 361 - 370
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

References

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