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The differentiation of Streptococcus cremoris and Streptococcus lactis by means of bacteriophage action

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

G. J. E. Hunter
G. J. E. Hunter
Affiliation:
Dairy Research Institute(D.S.I.R., N.Z.), Palmerston North, NZ
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1. A series of lactic streptococci which were almost all capable of clotting milk in 24 hr. at 22°C. were divided into two groups on the basis of a few simple biochemical and morphological tests. The two groups corresponded to what some workers consider to be the species Str.lactis and Str.cremoris.

2. A series of phage races were tested for their action on the streptococci under various temperature and growth conditions.

3. The characteristics of phage attack on the organisms tended to confirm the division into Str.lactis and Str.cremoris species. Each of the strains of the long-chained cremoris type was attacked by only a few phages at the most, sometimes by a single phage only, whereas each of the lactis (short-chained) strains was attacked by a variety of phages. Furthermore, with two exceptions, the phage attacking the cremoris types on the one hand and the lactis types on the other formed quite separate and distinct groups.

4. None of the phages acted upon the several available strains of Str.faecalis and other group D (Lancefield) streptococci.

5. The evidence obtained from the phage sensitivity tests seems to justify the division of the lactic streptococci into two species, Str. lactis and Str. cremoris.

The author is indebted to Dr H. R. Whitehead for his interest in this work, and for helpful criticism and advice.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , January 1946 , pp. 264 - 270
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1946

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