Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T04:28:03.587Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Immunity to influenza in ferrets V. Immunization with inactivated virus in adjuvant 65

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

C. W. Potter ,
C. McLaren  and
S. L. Shore
C. W. Potter
Affiliation:
Virus Research Laboratory, Lodge Moor Hospital, Sheffield, Yorkshire
C. McLaren
Affiliation:
Virus Research Laboratory, Lodge Moor Hospital, Sheffield, Yorkshire
S. L. Shore
Affiliation:
Virus Research Laboratory, Lodge Moor Hospital, Sheffield, Yorkshire
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Ferrets infected with influenza virus A2/Hong Kong/3/68 responded with a febrile reaction; the temperature was elevated by 1·0°C. or greater to a level of 40°C. or more. In addition, relatively high titres of virus were recovered from nasal washings taken 3 days after virus infection, serum antibody was produced, increased nasal protein was detected and nasal washings contained both HI and neutralizing antibody. Of four ferrets immunized with 400 CCA units of inactivated influenza virus A2/Aichi/2/68 in saline, only one produced detectable serum HI antibody, and none produced detectable nasal antibody. These ferrets were subsequently found to be susceptible to intranasal infection with influenza virus A2/Hong Kong/3/68. Thus, the temperature response, the titre of virus recovered from nasal washings and the serum HI antibody response found after virus infection was similar to that found after infection of non-immunized ferrets. However, the increase in protein concentration and the titre of HI and neutralizing antibody found in nasal washings after virus infection was detectably less than that found after virus infection of non-immunized ferrets.

Four ferrets were immunized with 400 CCA units of inactivated A2/Aichi/2/68 virus in adjuvant 65, and these ferrets produced relatively high titres of serum HI antibody but no detectable nasal antibody. After subsequent virus infection with influenza virus A2/Hong Kong/3/68, these ferrets showed a modified temperature response, reduced titres of virus in nasal washings compared to that found in nasal washings from non-immunized ferrets, no increase in nasal protein and no detectable nasal HI antibody. Thus, immunization with inactivated virus in adjuvant 65 resulted in a significant modification of the response of ferrets to challenge virus; however, the immunity was not complete, and appreciably less than that found after infection with live homologous virus.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 71 , Issue 1 , March 1973 , pp. 97 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

References

REFERENCES

Francis, T. & Stuart-Harris, C. H. (1938). Studies on the nasal histology of epidemic influenza virus infection in the ferret. Journal of Experimental Medicine 68, 813.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haff, R. F., Schriver, P. W. & Stewart, R. C. (1966). Pathogenesis of influenza in ferrets. Nasal manifestation of disease. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 48, 435.Google Scholar
Hilleman, M. R., Woodhour, A. F., Friedman, A., Weibel, R. E. & Stokes, J. Jr. (1972). The clinical application of adjuvant 65. Annals of Allergy 30, 152.Google ScholarPubMed
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marois, P., Boudreault, A., Difranco, E. & Pavizanis, V. (1971). Response of ferrets and monkeys to intranasal infection with human, equine and avian influenza viruses. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 35, 71.Google ScholarPubMed
Potter, C. W., Oxford, J. S., Shore, S. L., McLaren, C. & Stuart-Harris, C. H. (1972 a). Immunity to influenza in ferrets. I. Response to live and killed virus. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 53, 153.Google ScholarPubMed
Potter, C. W., Shore, S. L., McLaren, C. & Stuart-Harris, C. H. (1972 b). Immunity to influenza in ferrets. II. Influence of adjuvants on immunization. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 53, 168.Google ScholarPubMed
Reed, L. J. & Muench, H. (1938). A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. American Journal of Hygiene 27, 493.Google Scholar
Smith, W., Andrewes, C. H. & Laidlaw, P. P. (1933). A virus obtained from influenza patients. Lancet ii, 66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stokes, J. Jr, Weibel, R. E., Woodhour, A. F., McAleer, W. J., Potkonski, L. A. & Hilleman, M. R. (1969). Metabolizable immunologic adjuvant for human use. Journal of the American Medical Association 207, 2067.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weibel, R. E., Woodhour, A. F., Stokes, J. Jr, Metzgar, D. P. & Hilleman, M. R. (1967). New metabolizable immunologic adjuvant for human use. New England Journal of Medicine 276, 78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodhour, A. F., McAleer, W. J., Friedman, A., Weibel, R. E., Stokes, J. Jr. & Hilleman, M. R. (1969). Antibody responses in man to Hong Kong influenza following 1967 formula influenza vaccine in adjuvant A65. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 131, 501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar