Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T04:33:58.792Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Para-influenza 2 virus infections in adult volunteers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

D. Taylor-Robinson  and
M. L. Bynoe
D. Taylor-Robinson
Affiliation:
The W.H.O. International Reference Centre for Respiratory Virus Diseases and the M.R.C. Common Cold Research Unit, Harvard Hospital, Salisbury, Wiltshire
M. L. Bynoe
Affiliation:
The W.H.O. International Reference Centre for Respiratory Virus Diseases and the M.R.C. Common Cold Research Unit, Harvard Hospital, Salisbury, Wiltshire
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Twenty-eight adult volunteers were inoculated intranasally with para influenza 2 virus and eight developed illnesses; twenty-eight volunteers were given flanks' saline and one became ill. The illnesses occurred in volunteers given between 2 × 104 and 2 × 106 TCD 50 of virus. The most prominent symptoms were sore throat, nasal stuffiness and coryza; four of the eight volunteers had sufficient coryza to be regarded as having mild colds. Although only eight volunteers had clinical evidence of infection, twenty-four had laboratory evidence of infection as judged by virus re-isolation or antibody response. Neutralization, haemagglutination-inhibition and complement-fixation tests on paired sera showed that sixteen individuals had a fourfold or greater antibody response by one or more tests including five of the eight volunteers who were ill. Twenty volunteers, including seven who were ill, had reciprocal neutralizing antibody titres of eight or more before inoculation of virus so it seems that the illnesses were due to re infection in the presence of antibody. Evidence is presented which suggests that although illnesses occurred in the presence of antibody they were due to the para influenza 2 virus and not some other agent in the inoculum. The results of these experiments seem to fulifi the third of Koch's postulates for para-influenza 2 virus as a cause of respiratory disease in adults.

We wish to thank Dr P. A. J. Tyrreil for his advice during the course of this work and in the preparation of the manuscript. We also thank Dr K. V. Shah (The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, U.S.A.) for help in some of the early experiments and Miss B. Ridgwell for valuable technical assistance.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , December 1963 , pp. 407 - 417
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1963

References

Andrewes, C. H. (1948). The common cold. J. R. Soc. Arts. 96, 200.Google Scholar
Chanock, R. M. (1956). Association of a new type of cytopathogenic myxovirus with infantile croup. J. exp. Med. 104, 555.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chanock, R. M., Bell, J. A. & Parrott, B. H. (1961). Natural history of para-influenza infection. Perspectives in Virology, 2, 126.Google Scholar
Chanock, R. M., Kim, H. W., Vargosko, A. J., Deleva, A., Johnson, K. M., Cumming, C. & Parrott, R. H. (1961). Respiratory syncytial virus. I. Virus recovery and other obser vations during 1960 outbreak of bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and minor respiratory diseases in children. J. Amer. med. Assoc. 176, 647.Google Scholar
Chanock, R. M., Paitrott, R. H., Cook, K., Andrews, B. E., Bell, J. A., Reichelderfer, T. E., Kapikian, A. Z., Mastrota, F. M. & Huebner, R. J. (1958). Newly recognized myxoviruses from children with respiratory disease. New Eng. J. Med. 258, 207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dick, E. C., Mogabgab, W. J. & Holmes, B. (1961). Characteristics of para-infiuenza (HA-2) virus. I. Incidence of infection and clinical features in adults. Amer. J. Hyg. 73, 263.Google ScholarPubMed
Evans, A. S. (1960). Infections with hemadsorption virus in University of Wisconsin students. New Eng. J. Med. 263, 233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamre, D. & Procknow, J.J. (1961). Viruses isolated from natural common colds in the U.S.A. Brit. med. J. ii, 1382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heath, R. B., Tyrrell, D. A. J. & Peto, S. (1962). Serological studies with Sendai virus. Brit. J. exp. Path. 43, 444.Google ScholarPubMed
Holland, W. W., Tanerr, E. I., Pereira, M. S. & Taylor, C. E. D. (1960). A study of the aetiology of respiratory disease in a general hospital. Brit. med. J. i, 1917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapikian, A. Z., Chanock, R. M., Reichelderfer, T. E., Ward, T. G., Huebner, R. S., Bell, J. A. (1961). Inoculation of human volunteers with para-influenza virus type 3. J. Amer. med. Assoc. 178, 537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, H. W., Vargosko, A. J., Chanock, R. M. & Pareott, R. H. (1961). Para-influenza (CA) virus: etiologic association with croup. Pediatrics, 28, 614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kravetz, H. M., Knight, V., Chanock, R. M., Morris, J. A., Johnson, K. M., Rifkind, D. & Utz, J. P. (1961). Respiratory syncytial virus. III. Production of illness and clinical observations in adult volunteers. J. Amer. med. Assoc. 176, 657.Google ScholarPubMed
Mogabgab, W. J., Dick, E. C. & Holmes, B. (1961). Para-influenza 2 (CA) virus in young adults. Amer. J. Hyg. 74, 304.Google ScholarPubMed
Paarott, R. H., Vargosko, A. J., Kim, H. W., Bell, J. A. & Chanock, R. M. (1962). Acute respiratory diseases of viral etiology. III. Myxoviruses: para-influenza. Amer. J. pubi. Hith, 52, 907.Google Scholar
Reichelderfer, T. E., Chanock, R. M., Craighead, J. E., Huebner, R. J., Turner, H. C., James, W. & Waiw, T. G. (1958). Infection of human volunteers with type 2 hemadsorption virus. Science, 128, 779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roden, A. T. (1958). Clinical assessment of the common cold. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 51, 271.Google ScholarPubMed
Takátsy, G. (1955). The use of spiral loops in serological and virological micro-methods. Acta microbiol. Acad. Sir., Hung. 3, 191.Google Scholar
Tyrrell, D. A. J., Bynoe, M. L., Birkum Petersen, K., Sutton, R. N. P. & Pereira, M. S. (1959). Inoculation of human volunteers with para-influenza viruses types 1 and 3 (HA2 and HA1). Lancet, ii, 909.Google Scholar
Vogel, J. & Shalokov, A. (1957). Adsorption-hemagglutination test for influenza virus in monkey kidney tissue culture. Science 126, 358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed