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The effect of herbal supplementation on the severity of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

TS Epp ,
P McDonough ,
DJ Padilla ,
JH Cox ,
DC Poole  and
HH Erickson
TS Epp
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
P McDonough
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
DJ Padilla
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
JH Cox
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
DC Poole
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
HH Erickson*
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
*
*erickson@vet.k-state.edu
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Abstract

Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) is a serious condition that affects the health and possibly the performance of all racehorses. However, only two treatments, furosemide and the Flair™ equine nasal strip, both of which reduce capillary transmural pressure, have been successful in reducing EIPH. Alternatively, transient impairment of platelet function and coagulation during exercise has been considered an additional contributor to EIPH. Consequently, herbal formulations designed to enhance platelet function, and hence coagulation, are hypothesized to reduce EIPH. To investigate the validity of this hypothesis, five Thoroughbred horses completed three maximal incremental exercise tests on a 10% inclined treadmill in a randomized cross-over design experiment. Treatments included twice daily oral administration (for 3 days) of a placebo (PL; cornstarch) and two herbal formulas, Yunnan Paiyao (YP) or Single Immortal (SI). Blood samples for coagulation profiles, complete blood counts and biochemistry profiles were collected before each exercise test. During each test, pulmonary arterial pressure, oxygen uptake, arterial blood gases, plasma lactate and time-to-fatigue were measured. Severity of EIPH was quantified via bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at 30–60 min post-exercise. The herbal formulations were not effective in decreasing EIPH (×106 red blood cells ml−1 BAL fluid: PL, 27.1±11.6; YP, 33.2±23.4; SI, 35.3±15.4, P>0.05) or in changing any of the other variables measured with the exception of time-to-fatigue, which was slightly but significantly prolonged by Single Immortal compared with placebo and Yunnan Paiyao (PL, 670±9.6 s; YP, 665±5.5 s; SI, 685±7.9 s, P<0.05). Thus, these results do not support the use of these herbal formulations in the prevention of EIPH.

Keywords

exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhagecoagulationpulmonary arterial pressurebronchoalveolar lavagestress failure of the pulmonary capillariesherbal medicine
Type
Research Paper
Information
Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , February 2005 , pp. 17 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

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