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Does dexmedetomidine reduce the injection pain due to propofol and rocuronium?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2007

H. Ayoğlu ,
H. Altunkaya ,
Y. Özer ,
O. Yapakçı ,
G. Çukdar  and
I. Özkoçak
H. Ayoğlu*
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
H. Altunkaya
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
Y. Özer
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
O. Yapakçı
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
G. Çukdar
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
I. Özkoçak
Affiliation:
Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak, Turkey
*
Correspondence to: Hilal Ayoğlu, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, Bahcelievler mah. Gül sok. Örnekevler A Blok Kat 5 Da:18 67100 Site, Zonguldak, Turkey. E-mail: periayogluzku@yahoo.com; Tel: +90 532 7449324; Fax: +90 372 2610251
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Summary

Background and objectives

This prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was designed to determine the efficacy of dexmedetomidine compared with lidocaine in reducing the pain of propofol and rocuronium injection pain.

Methods

One hundred and fifty patients, scheduled for elective surgery with general anaesthesia, were divided into five groups: saline (Group 1), dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg kg−1 (Group 2), lidocaine 0.5 mg kg−1 (Group 3), dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg kg−1 plus lidocaine 0.25 mg kg−1 (Group 4) or dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg kg−1 plus lidocaine 0.5 mg kg−1 (Group 5) were administered at a rate of 0.5 mL s−1 after tourniquet application. The occlusion was released after 1 min and 5 mL of propofol was injected over 20 s. Pain was evaluated by use of a 10-point verbal analogue scale. Then, the rest of the induction dose of propofol, 3 mL of saline bolus and 0.6 mg kg−1 of rocuronium, was injected. The response to injection of rocuronium was assessed with a four-point scale (0–3).

Results

Groups 1 and 2 were found to have higher propofol injection pain scores than Groups 3, 4 and 5 (P < 0.05). When the study groups were compared according to the overall incidence of withdrawal movements due to rocuronium (⩾1 response) in Groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, they were different (86.7%, 60%, 36.7%, 50% and 40%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Except Group 1, there was no significant difference between the groups according to incidence of withdrawal movement after rocuronium injection (P = 0.325).

Conclusions

Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine is not effective in reducing injection pain of propofol, but may attenuate the hand withdrawal associated to rocuronium, as lidocaine does.

Keywords

DEXMEDETOMIDINEPAIN, injectionPROPOFOLROCURONIUMLIDOCAINE
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 24 , Issue 6 , June 2007 , pp. 541 - 545
Copyright
Copyright © European Society of Anaesthesiology 2007

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