Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T00:53:45.094Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of different doses of oral ketamine for premedication of children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2005

S. Turhanoğlu ,
A. Kararmaz ,
M. A. Özyilmaz ,
S. Kaya  and
D. Tok
S. Turhanoğlu
Affiliation:
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
A. Kararmaz
Affiliation:
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
M. A. Özyilmaz
Affiliation:
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
S. Kaya
Affiliation:
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
D. Tok
Affiliation:
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey
Get access

Extract

Summary

Background and objective: A need exists for a safe and effective oral preanaesthetic medication for use in children undergoing elective surgery. The study sought to define the dose of oral ketamine that would facilitate induction of anaesthesia without causing significant side-effects.

Methods: We studied 80 children undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia who received oral ketamine 4, 6 or 8 mg kg−1 in a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study. We compared the reaction to separation from parents, transport to the operating room, the response to intravenous cannula insertion and application of an anaesthetic facemask, the induction of anaesthesia and recovery from anaesthesia.

Results: In the group receiving ketamine 8 mg kg−1, the children were significantly calmer than those of the other groups, and anaesthesia induction was more comfortable. Recovery from anaesthesia was longer in the group receiving ketamine 8 mg kg−1 compared with the other groups, but no differences between the groups were observed after 2 h in the recovery room.

Conclusions: It is concluded that oral ketamine 8 mg kg−1 is an effective oral premedication in inpatient children undergoing elective surgery.

Keywords

ANAESTHETICS, INTRAVENOUS, anaesthetics, dissociative, ketaminePAEDIATRICSPREMEDICATION
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , January 2003 , pp. 56 - 60
Copyright
© 2003 European Society of Anaesthesiology

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Weldon BC, Watcha MF, White PF. Oral midazolam in children: effect of time and adjunctive therapy. Anesth Analg 1992; 75: 51–55.Google Scholar
Gutstein HB, Johnson KL, Heard MB, Gregory GA. Oral ketamine preanesthetic medication in children. Anesthesiology 1992; 76: 28–33.Google Scholar
Kluger MT, Owen H. Premedication: an audit. Anaesthesia 1991; 46: 224–227.Google Scholar
White PF, Ham J, Way WL, Trevor AJ. Pharmacology of ketamine isomers in surgical patients. Anesthesiology 1980; 52: 231–239.Google Scholar
Petros AJ. Oral ketamine: its use for mentally retarded adults requiring day case dental treatment. Anaesthesia 1991; 46: 646–647.Google Scholar
Grant IS, Nimmo WS, Clements JA. Pharmacokinetics and analgesic effects of im and oral ketamine. Br J Anaesth 1981; 53: 805–810.Google Scholar
Sekerci C, Dönmez A, Ates Y, Okten F. Oral ketamine premedication in children (placebo controlled double-blind study). Eur J Anaesthesiol 1996; 13: 606–611.Google Scholar
Tobias JD, Phipps S, Smith B, Mulhern RK. Oral ketamine premedication to alleviate the distress of invasive procedures in paediatric oncology patients. Pediatrics 1992; 90: 537–541.Google Scholar
Warner DL, Cabaret J, Velling D. Ketamine plus midazolam, a most effective paediatric oral premedicant. Paediatr Anaesth 1995; 5: 293–295.Google Scholar
Clements JA, Nimmo WS, Grant IS. Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and analgesic activity of ketamine in humans. J Pharm Sci 1982; 71: 539–542.Google Scholar
Feld LH, Negus JB, White PF. Oral midazolam preanesthetic medication in paediatric outpatients. Anesthesiology 1990; 73: 831–834.Google Scholar