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Comparison of clonidine 1 μg kg−1 with morphine 30 μg kg−1 for post-operative caudal analgesia in children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2006

G. Luz ,
P. Innerhofer ,
E. Oswald ,
E. Salner ,
J. Hager  and
H. Sparr
G. Luz
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
P. Innerhofer
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
E. Oswald
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
E. Salner
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
J. Hager
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
H. Sparr
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract

In a prospective randomized study in children, we compared caudal bupivacaine–clonidine with bupivacaine–morphine to evaluate whether clonidine can be used as an alternative to morphine in caudal anaesthesia. Caudal anaesthesia was administered in 36 children undergoing orchidopexy, hernia repair or circumcision, using 1.5 mL kg−1 bupivacaine 0.18% with either 1 μg kg−1 clonidine (group 1) or 30 μg kg−1 morphine (group 2). Haemodynamic and respiratory parameters, anaesthetic requirements, recovery time and pain score were monitored for 24 h. Eleven children in group 1 and nine children in group 2 did not need any supplementary systemic analgesics throughout the 24-h observation period. Mean (±SD) duration of analgesia in the remaining patients was 6.3 h (±3.3 h) in group 1 and 7.1 h (±3.4 h) in group 2 (P=0.43). Recovery time after anaesthesia was significantly longer in group 1 (16.6±8.8 min) than in group 2 (11.5±4.7 min) (P< 0.05). We conclude that analgesia provided by 1 μg kg−1 clonidine added to caudal bupivacaine is comparable with that provided by 30 μg kg−1 caudal morphine with bupivacaine. Clonidine at this low dose did not cause respiratory depression.

Keywords

analgesiapaediatriccaudalbupivacaineclonidinemorphine
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , January 1999 , pp. 42 - 46
Copyright
1999 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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