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Long-term postoperative mortality in diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2004

A. B. Juul ,
J. Wetterslev  and
A. Kofoed-Enevoldsen
A. B. Juul
Affiliation:
Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 7102, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
J. Wetterslev
Affiliation:
University Hospital of Copenhagen, Department of Anaesthesiology, Herlev, Denmark
A. Kofoed-Enevoldsen
Affiliation:
Esbjerg Varde Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Extract

Summary

Background and objective: The prognosis of diabetic patients after surgery remains controversial. Some suggest that the rates of death and complications today are almost identical in diabetic and non-diabetic patients within hospital stay or for 30 days postoperatively, whereas others suggest that diabetes still constitutes a major risk factor for both short-term (≤30 days) and long-term (>30 days) patients especially after major cardiac surgery. We examined the long-term postoperative mortality of diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery to identify possible perioperative risk factors.

Methods: Data from 179 consecutive diabetic patients, who underwent major non-cardiac surgery at Herlev Hospital, Denmark, during a 12 month period, have been retrospectively analysed. Data were obtained from patient records and from The Danish National Health Register. The main outcome measure was postoperative mortality. Patients were followed for a maximum of 18 months.

Results: The median postoperative observation period was 10 months (range 0–18 months). Overall postoperative mortality was 24% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17–31%). One third of the fatalities occurred during the first 30 days. Ischaemic heart disease diagnosed before the operation was associated with an overall postoperative mortality of 44% (95% CI 29–58%), which was significantly (P < 0.03) higher than in diabetic patients without known cardiovascular disease. The major causes of death in 18 out of 39 (46%) patients were diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Conclusions: Diabetic patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery seem to have a high mortality, often because of cardiovascular death. Future strategies should focus on implementing cardio-protective treatment during the perioperative period.

Keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESGLUCOSE METABOLISM DISORDERS, DIABETES MELLITUSMORTALITYSURGERY
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 21 , Issue 7 , July 2004 , pp. 523 - 529
Copyright
2004 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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