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Distilling Prospects: Reflections on the Proportionality of Minimum Unit Pricing under EU Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Oliver Bartlett
Oliver Bartlett*
Affiliation:
Durham Law School
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Type
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Information
European Journal of Risk Regulation , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 73 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014

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References

1 Available online at <http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2012/4/pdfs/asp_20120004_en.pdf> (last accessed on 9 January 2014).

2 The text of the Draft Order is available online at: <http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/tris/pisa/app/search/index.cfm?fuseaction=pisa_notif_overview&sNlang=EN&iyear=2012&inum=394&lang=EN&iBack=2> (last accessed on 9 January 2014).

3 See Rehm, Jürgen et al, “The relationship of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking to burden of disease – an overview” 98 Addiction (2003), pp. 1177 et seqq., at p. 1209CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed; McKee, Martin and Britton, Annie, “The positive relationship between alcohol and heart disease in eastern Europe: potential physiological mechanisms” 91(8) J R Soc Med (1998), pp. 401 et seqq., at p. 402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

4 Petra Meier et al, Model-based appraisal of alcohol minimum pricing and off-licenced trade discount bans in Scotland using the Sheffield alcohol policy model (v2):- second update based on newly available data (University of Sheffield, 2012) available on the internet at <http://www.shef.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.156503!/file/scotlandjan.pdf>, at p. 5.

5 Ibid, at p. 1067.

6 Black, Heather et al, “The price of a drink: levels of consumption an price paid per unit of alcohol by Edinburgh's ill drinkers with a comparison to wider alcohol sales in Scotland” 106 Addiction (2010), pp. 729 et seqq., at p. 733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

7 ibid, at p. 734.

8 ibid.

9 Zhao, Jinhui et al, “The relationship between minimum alcohol prices outlet densities and alcohol-attributable deaths in British Columbia, 2002–09” 108 Addiction (2013), pp. 1059 et seqq., at p. 1066.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

10 ibid.

11 The Scotch Whisky Association & Ors [2013] CSOH 70.

12 ibid, at para 33.

13 ibid, at para 34.

14 ibid, at para 48.

15 See Jules Stuyck, “Case C-262/02, Comission v France and CaseC- 429/02, Bacardi France SAS and Television francaise 1 SA et al., judgments of the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of 13 July 2004” 42 CMLR (2005), pp. 783 et seqq.

16 ibid, at para 54.

17 ibid, at paras 58–60.

18 ibid, at paras 63–66.

19 ibid, at paras 68–69.

20 ibid, at para 71.

21 ibid, at para 53.

22 ibid, at para 79.

23 ibid, at para 81.

24 Commission Communication SG(2012) D/52513.

25 ibid, at p. 6.

26 The Scotch Whisky Association& Ors, supra note 11, at para 36.

27 Stuyck, “Judgments of the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of 13 July 2004”, supra note 15, at p. 795 (emphasis added).

28 See comments in Liam Donaldson and Paul Rutter, “Commentary on Black et al. (2011): Minimum pricing of alcohol – a solution whose time has come” 106 Addiction (2011), pp. 737 et seqq., at p. 737.

29 Case C-216/98 Commission v Greece [2000] ECR I-8921.

30 Commission Communication, supra note 24, at p. 7.

31 Joined Cases C-1/90 and C176/90 Aragonesa [1991] ECR I-4179, at para. 16.

32 Cases C-262/02 Commission v France [2004] ECR I-06569, at para. 33.

33 Case C-265/06 Commission v Portugal [2008] ECR I-02245, at para. 58.

34 Case C-405/98 Konsumentombudsmannen v Gourmet International Products [2001] ECR I-01795, at para. 33

35 Case C-95/01 Greenham and Abel [2004] ECR I-01352, at para. 33

36 Case C-142/05 Åklagaren v Percy Mickelsson and Joakim Roos [2009] ECR I-04273, at para. 40.

37 See Hawkins, Benjamin and Holden, Chris, “Framing the alcohol policy debate: industry actors and the regulation of the UK beverage alcohol market” 7(1) Critical Policy Studies (2013), pp. 53 et seqq. CrossRefGoogle Scholar

38 Nathalie Thomas, “Bulgaria wants to block UK minimum alcohol pricing” The Telegraph, 14 September 2012, available on the internet at <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9544535/Bulgaria-wants-to-block-UK-minimum-alcohol-pricing.html> (last accessed on 9 January 2014).

39 Text of opinion released to BBC Scotland, available on the internet at <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-22184541> (last accessed on 9 January 2014).

40 Ibid.

41 Text of opinion released to BBC Scotland, available on the internet at <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-22188373> (last accessed on 9 January 2014).

42 Servant, Civil, November 2010, cited in “Chris Holden and Benjamin Hawkins, ‘’Whisky gloss’: The alcohol industry, devolution and policy communities in Scotland’ 28(3) Public Policy and Administration (2013), pp. 253 et seqq, at p. 262.Google Scholar

43 On industry efforts to promote self-regulation and partnership, see Bartlett, Oliver, “Under the Influence? The Alcohol Industry’s Involvement in the Implementation of Advertising Bans” 4(3) European Journal of Risk Regulation (2013), pp. 383 et seqq.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

44 Hawkins and Holden, “Framing the alcohol policy debate”, supra note 37, at p. 59.

45 McKee, Martin, “Minimum unit pricing for alcohol – the case is overwhelming” 22(4) European Journal of Public Health (2012), pp. 451 et seqq, at p. 451.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

46 See Bartlett, Oliver and Garde, Amandine, “Time to Seize the (Red) Bull by the Horns: The European Union's Failure to Protect Children from Alcohol and Unhealthy Food Marketing” 38(4) European Law Review (2013) pp. 498 et seqq., at pp. 508-510.Google Scholar