Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T17:06:25.009Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Rasgos de personalidad y tabaquismo en pacientes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

S. Bejerot ,
L. von Knorring  and
L. Ekselius
S. Bejerot
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurociencia, Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario, SE751 85Upsala, Suecia
L. von Knorring
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurociencia, Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario, SE751 85Upsala, Suecia
L. Ekselius
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurociencia, Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario, SE751 85Upsala, Suecia
Get access

Resumen

En comparación con otras poblaciones psiquiátricas, los sujetos con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) fuman menos que la población general. El presente estudio pretende investigar con más detenimiento la relatión entre el tabaquismo y los rasgos de la personalidad en los sujetos con TOC. Se entrevistó a 64 sujetos con TOC con respecto a su tabaquismo. Los rasgos de personalidad se evaluaron utilizando las Escalas Karolinska de Personalidad, y se obtuvieron rasgos de personalidad obsesivo-compulsivos específicos mediante cuestionarios de autoinforme. Los sujetos no fumadores con TOC se fatigaban más fácilmente, tenían más tendencia a preocuparse, más remordimientos y menos seguridad en sí mismos, eran menos impulsivos y se inquietaban con más frecuencia que los fumadores con TOC cuando les instaban a que se dieran prisa. Además, los no fumadores cumplían significativamente más criterios del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de personalidad en comparación con los fumadores (P < 0,001). Proponemos un subtipo clínico de TOC relacionado con la ausencia de tabaquismo, la psicastenia, la ansiedad y rasgos pronunciados de trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidad.

Keywords

trastorno obsesivo-compulsivotrastorno obsesivo-compulsivo de la personalidadrasgos de la personalidadtabaquismo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 8 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 11 - 19

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliografía

Baer, LFactor analysis of symptom subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder and their relation to personality and tic disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55: 18–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Baer, LJenike, MPersonality disorders in obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: Jenike, MBaer, LMinichiello, W Eds. Obsessive-compulsive disorders. Practical management: St Louis: Mosby; 1998. p. 65–83.Google Scholar
Bejerot, SHumble, MLow prevalence of smoking among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Compr Psychiatry 1999; 40: 268–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bejerot, SSchlette, PEkselius, LAdolfsson, Rvon Knorring, L.Personality disorders and relationship to personality dimensions measured by the temperament and character inventory in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 98: 243–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bejerot, SEkselius, Lvon, Knorring LComorbidity between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and personality disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 97: 398–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Billett, EARichter, MASam, FSwinson, RPDai, XYKing, Net al. Investigation of dopamine system genes in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Gener 1998; 8: 163–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Black, DZimmerman, MCoryell, WCigarette smoking and psychiatric disorder in a community sample. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1999; 11: 129–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavedini, PErzegovesi, SRonchi, PBellodi, LPredictive value of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in antiobsessional pharmacological treatment. Eur Neuropsy-chopharmacol 1997; 7: 45–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, LAWatson, DReynolds, SDiagnosis and classification of psychopathology: challenges to the current system and future directions. Ann Rev Psychol 1995; 46: 121–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Comings, DETourette syndrome: a hereditary neuropsy-chiatric spectrum disorder. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1994; 6: 235–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekselius, LLindstrom, Evon, Knorring IBodlund, OKullgren, GPersonality disorders in DSM-III-R as categorical or dimensional. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993; 88: 183–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ekselius, LLindstrom, Evon, Knorring LBodlund, OKullgren, GSCID II interviews and the SCID screen questionnaire as diagnostic tools for personality disorders in DSM-III-R. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1994; 90: 120–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillberg, CAsperger syndrome and high-functioning autism. Br J Psychiatry 1998; 172: 200–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glass, RMBlue mood, blackened lungs: depression and smoking. JAMA 1990; 264: 1583–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goff, DCHenderson, DCAmico, ECigarette smoking in schizophrenia: relationship to psychopathology and medication side effects. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149: 1189–94.Google ScholarPubMed
Goodman, WPrice, LRasmussen, SMazure, CDelgado, PHenninger, Get al. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Part II: validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 1012–6.Google Scholar
Goodman, WPrice, LRasmussen, SMazure, CFleisch-mann, RHill, Cet al. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Part I: development, use, and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46: 1006–11.Google Scholar
Gustavsson, JPStability and validity of self-reported personality traits. Contributions to the evaluation of the Karolinska Scales of Personality [dissertation], Stockholm: Karolinska Institute; 1997.Google Scholar
Hughes, JRHatsukami, DKMitchell, JEDahlgren, LAPrevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients. Am J Psychiatry 19867; 143: 993–7.Google Scholar
Insel, TMurphy, DCohen, RAlterman, MKilts, CLinnola Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind trial of clomipramine and clorgyline. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983; 40: 605–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenike, MBaer, LMinichiello, WSchwartz, CCarey, RConcomitant obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizotypal personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143: 530–2.Google ScholarPubMed
Karayiorgou, MSobin, CBlundell, MGalke, BMalinova, LGoldberg, Pet al. Family-based association studies support a sexually dimorphic effect of COMT and MAOA on genetic susceptibility to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1999; 45: 1178–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leckman, JFPeterson, BAnderson, GMArnsten, APauls, DLCohen, DJPathogenesis of Tourette's Syndrome. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1997; 38: 119–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipkus, IBarefoot, JWilliams, RSiegler, IPersonality measures as predictors of smoking initiation and cessation in the UNC Alumni Heart Study. Health Psychol 1994; 13: 149–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipkus, IBarefoot, JFeaganes, JWilliams, RSiegler, IA short MMPI scale to identify people likely to begin smoking. J Pers Assess 1994; 62: 213–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucey, JVButcher, GClare, ADinan, TGElevated growth hormone responses to pyridostigmine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence of cholinergic supersensitivity. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 961–2.Google ScholarPubMed
Lyon, EA review of the effects of nicotine on schizophrenia and antipsychotic medications. Psychiatr Serv 1999; 50: 1346–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matsunaga, HKiriike, NMiyata, APersonality disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Japan. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 98: 128–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDougle, CJKresch, LEGoodman, WKNaylor, SVolkmar, FCohen, Det al. A case-controlled study of repetitive thoughts and behavior in adults with autistic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 772–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Michel, LAmos, AGirls, pecking order and smoking. Soc Sci Med 1997; 44: 1861–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, SMeasures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1999; 146: 455–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Okasha, AOmar, ALotaief, FGhanem, MSeif-el-Dawla, AOkasha, TComorbidity of axis I and axis II diagnosis of Egyptian patients with neurotic disorders. Compr Psychiatry 1996; 37: 95–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ottosson, HBodlund, OEkselius, Lvon, Knorring LKullgren, GLindstrom, Eet al. The DSM-IV and ICD-10 personality questionnaire (DIP-Q): Construction and preliminary validation. Nord J Psychiatry 1995; 49: 285–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pich, EPagliusi, STessari, MTalabot-Ayer, DHooft, van Huijsduijnen RChiamulcra, CCommon neural substrates for the addictive properties of nicotine and cocaine. Science 1997; 275: 83–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pohl, RYeragani, VKBalon, RLycaki, HMcBride, RSmoking in patients with panic disorder. Psychiatr Res 1992; 43: 253–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poyurovsky, MFuchs, CWeizman, AObsessive-compulsive disorder in paitents with first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156: 1998–2000.Google Scholar
Rasmussen, SEisen, JThe epidemiology and clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: Jenike, M Ed. The psychiatric clinics of North America. Philadelphia: W. Saunders; 1992. p. 743–58.Google Scholar
Rauch, SLWhalen, PJDougherty, DJenike, MANeurobiologic models of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: Jenike, MBaer, LMinichiello, W Eds. Obsessive-compulsive disorders. Practical management. 3rd ed. St Louis: Mosby, Inc.; 1998. p. 222–53.Google Scholar
Ravizza, LBarzega, GBellino, SBogetto, FMaina, GPredictors of drug response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 1995; 56: 368–73.Google ScholarPubMed
Sabol, SZNelson, MlFisher, CGunzerath, LBrody, CHu, Set al. A genetic association for cigarette smoking behavior. Health Psychol 1999; 18: 7–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schalling, DAsberg, MEdman, GOreland, LMarkers for vulnerability to psychopathology: temperament traits associated with platelet MAO activity. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1987; 76: 172–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schalling, DEdman, GThe Karolinska scale of Personality (KSP). An inventory for assessing temperament dimensions associated with vulnerability for psychosocial deviance. Manual, Stockholm: The Department of Psychiatry, The Karolinska Institute; 1993.Google Scholar
Takahashi, HTakada, YNagai, NUrano, TTakada, ANicotine increases stress-induced serotonin release by stimulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in rat striatum. Synapse 1998; 28: 212–9.3.0.CO;2-D>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanskanen, AViinämaki, HKoivumaa-Honkanen, H-THintikka, JJaaskelainen, JLehtonen, JSmoking and depression among psychiatric patients. Nord J Psychiatry 1999; 53: 45–8.Google Scholar
Thomsen, PMikkelsen, HDevelopment of personality disorders in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. A 6- to 22-year folloup-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993; 87: 456–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weinberger, DRBerman, KFPrefrontal function in schizophrenia: confounds and controversies. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1996; 351: 1495–503.Google ScholarPubMed
Wicklin, BConsumption of tobacco in Sweden 1970-1992. Stockholm: Statistics Sweden; 1993.Google Scholar
Williams, AFPersonality and other characteristics associated with cigarette smoking among young teenagers. J Health Soc Behav 1973; 14: 374–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, LAsperger's syndrome: a clinical account. Psychol Med 1981; 11: 115–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wise, RThe role of reward pathways in the development of drug dependence. Pharmacol Ther 1987; 35: 227–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolkin, ASanfilipo, MWolf, APAngrist, BBrodie, JRotrosen, JNegative symptoms and hypofrontality in chronic schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 959–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wonnacott, SThe relevance of receptor binding studies to tobacco research. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 537–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zohar, JJudge, RParoxetine versus clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1996; 169: 468–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed