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¿Son las anomalías de los movimientos oculares indicadores de vulnerabilidad genética a la esquizofrenia?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

C. Boudet ,
M. L. Bocca ,
B. Chabot ,
P. Delamillieure ,
P. Brazo ,
P. Denise  and
S. Dollfus
C. Boudet
Affiliation:
Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales (GIN), UMR 6194, CNRS/CEA/Universidad de Caen/Universidad París V, Centro Cyceron, boulevard H.-Becquerel, 14000Caen, Francia
M. L. Bocca
Affiliation:
Servicio de Exploraciones Funcionales, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033Caen cedex, Francia
B. Chabot
Affiliation:
Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033, Caen, Francia
P. Delamillieure
Affiliation:
Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales (GIN), UMR 6194, CNRS/CEA/Universidad de Caen/Universidad París V, Centro Cyceron, boulevard H.-Becquerel, 14000Caen, Francia Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033, Caen, Francia
P. Brazo
Affiliation:
Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales (GIN), UMR 6194, CNRS/CEA/Universidad de Caen/Universidad París V, Centro Cyceron, boulevard H.-Becquerel, 14000Caen, Francia Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033, Caen, Francia
P. Denise
Affiliation:
Servicio de Exploraciones Funcionales, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033Caen cedex, Francia
S. Dollfus
Affiliation:
Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales (GIN), UMR 6194, CNRS/CEA/Universidad de Caen/Universidad París V, Centro Cyceron, boulevard H.-Becquerel, 14000Caen, Francia Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Caen, 14033, Caen, Francia
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Resumen

De un cincuenta a un ochenta y cinco por ciento de los pacientes esquizofrénicos tiene deficiencias en los paradigmas de seguimiento ocular. Sin embargo, los resultados con respecto a los familiares son más discordantes. El propósito de este estudio era investigar si los trastornos de los movimientos oculares podrían ser un marcador de vulnerabilidad de la esquizofrenia. Métodos.- Se incluyó a 21 pacientes esquizofrénicos (DSM-IV), 31 familiares en primer grado de esos pacientes sin trastornos del espectro esquizofrénico y dos grupos de controles sanos emparejados por la edad y el sexo. Se utilizaron tres tareas oculomotoras (seguimiento, movimientos sacádicos reflejos y movimientos antisacádicos). Resultados.- Los pacientes tuvieron una ganancia media más baja (P = 0,035) durante el seguimiento que los controles, hicieron menos movimientos sacádicos guiados visualmente correctos (P < 0,001) y cometieron más errores en los movimientos antisacádicos (P= 0,002) que los controles. Por contraste, ninguna de las comparaciones entre los familiares y sus controles fue significativa. Conclusión.- Los pacientes esquizofrénicos eran deficientes en los paradigmas de seguimiento y movimientos antisacádicos. Sin embargo, no se observó ninguna de estas deficiencias en sus familiares en primer grado. Nuestros resultados indican que los parámetros de movimiento ocular examinados no se podían considerar como marcadores de vulnerabilidad para la esquizofrenia.

Keywords

EsquizofreniaFamiliaresMovimientos oculares de seguimientoMovimientos sacádicosMovimientos antisacádicosGenéticaEfecto de la edad
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 8 , November 2005 , pp. 446 - 453
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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