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Factores neurotróficos y fisiopatología de las psicosis Esquizofrénicas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Nuria Durany  and
Johannes Thome
Nuria Durany
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Cataluña, c/ Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 San Cugat del Valles (Barcelona), España
Johannes Thome
Affiliation:
Instituto Central de Salud Mental (ZI) Mannheim, Universidad de Heidelberg, Alemania
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Resumen

El propósito de esta revisión es resumir el estado actual de los hallazgos sobre la alteración de las concentraciones de factor neurótrofico en las psicosis esquizofrónicas, sobre las variaciones en los genes que codifican para los factores neurotróficos y sobre el efecto de los medicamentos antipsicóticos en el nivel de expresión de los factores neurotróficos. Es un artículo conceptual que intenta establecer el vínculo entre la teoría del mal desarrollo neural de la esquizofrenia y los factores neurotróficos. Se ha realizado una extensa revisión de las publicaciones utilizando la base de datos Pub Med, un servicio de la National Library o f Medicine, que incluye más de 14 millones de citas para articulos biomédicos, retrocediendo hasta la década de 1950. La mayoría de los estudios analizados en esta revisión apoya la noción de alteraciones de los factores neurotróficos en el nivel de las proteínas y los genes, y la hipótesis de que estas alteraciones podrían explicar, al menos parcialmente, algunas de las anomalías morfológicas, citoarquitectócnicas y neurobioquímicas halladas en el cerebro de los pacientes esquizofrénicos. Sin embargo, los resultados no son siempre concluyentes y la significación clínica de estas alteraciones no se comprende del todo. Así pues, es importante favorecer la investigación del factor neurotrofico para comprender mejor la etiopatogenia de las psicosis esquizofrénicas y, de este modo, poder desarrollar nuevas estrategias de tratamiento muy necesarias para los pacientes que sufren de estos trastornos devastadores.

Keywords

Medicamentos antipsicóticosFactor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (FNDC)Factor neurotrófico ciliar (FNC)Mal desarrolloNeurogénesisNeurolépticosFactor de crecimiento nervioso (FCN)NT-3Factor neutrófico (FNT)
Type
Revisión
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , March 2005 , pp. 69 - 81
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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Footnotes

DuranyN, ThomeJ. Factores neurotróficos y fisiopatología de las psicosis Esquizofrénicas. Eur Psychiatry2004;19:326–337.

References

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