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Predictores psicopatológicos del suicidio en pacientes con depresión mayor durante un seguimiento de 5 años

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

B. Schneider ,
M. Philipp  and
M. J. Müller
B. Schneider
Affiliation:
Centro de Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicoterapia I, Universidad Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Frankfurt/Main, Heinrích-Hoffmann Str. 10, D-60528Frankfurt/Main, Alemania
M. Philipp
Affiliation:
Clínica Psiquiátrica Landshut, Alemania
M. J. Müller
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Mainz, Mainz, Alemania
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Resumen

Objetivo:

se sabe perfectamente que el riesgo de suicido es más alto en los casos de trastor-no depresivo mayor en comparación con la población general. El propósito de este estudio era examinar qué síntomas psicopatológicos durante el episodio índice son predictores de un riesgo mayor de suicidio en el curso posterior de la depresión mayor.

Método:

Se determinaron datos de mortalidad a partir de un estudio prospectivo de 280 pacientes con depresión mayor (DSM-III-R, episodio único o recurrente) durante un pen’odo de seguimiento de 5 años. Se investigó el poder predictivo de diferentes síntomas depresivos, incluidos los psicóticos, para el riesgo de suicidio.

Resultados:

Los pacientes que se suicida-ron (N = 16) durante el período de seguimiento habían comunicado sigmficativamente más a menudo preocupaciones o ideas delirantes hipocondríacas (pero no ideas delirantes o preocupaciones de empo-brecimiento, culpa o pecado), pensamientos suicidas e intentos de suicidio, así como sentimientos de desesperanza grave durante el episodio índice, que los pacientes que todavía vivían o los que murieron por causas naturales.

Conclusión:

Estos síntomas parecen ser predictores tempranos útiles del riesgo de suicidio durante el curso posterior de la enfermedad. Se debería tener esto en cuenta para la prevención del suicidio en el curso de la depresión mayor.

Keywords

desesperanzadepresión mayorsíntomas psicóticosriesgo de suicidio
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 8 , Issue 8 , November 2001 , pp. 498 - 504
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2001

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