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Psicosis, migración y ambiente social: un estudio con control de la edad y el género

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

P. Fossion ,
L. Servais ,
M. C. Rejas ,
Y. Ledoux ,
I. Pele  and
P. Minner
P. Fossion
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de Brugmann, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van Gehuchten, 1020Bruselas, Bélgica
L. Servais
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario Jean Titeca, 11 rué de la Luzerne, 1030Bruselas, Bélgica
M. C. Rejas
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de Brugmann, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van Gehuchten, 1020Bruselas, Bélgica
Y. Ledoux
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de Brugmann, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van Gehuchten, 1020Bruselas, Bélgica
I. Pele
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de Brugmann, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van Gehuchten, 1020Bruselas, Bélgica
P. Minner
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de Brugmann, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van Gehuchten, 1020Bruselas, Bélgica
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Resumen

Propósito.

Se invoca con frecuencia las experiencias sociales adversas para explicar la tasa más alta de psicosis entre los grupos emigrantes. El propósito del presente estudio era establecer los factores socioambientales que distinguen a los pacientes psicóticos emigrantes de los pacientes autóctonos.

Sujetos y metodo.

Realizamos una encuesta transversal que involucró a 341 pacientes psicóticos emigrantes emparejados en cuanto a la edad y el gónero con 341 pacientes psicóticos autóctonos.

Resultados.

Los pacientes emigrantes vivían más a menudo con su familia de origen, estaban inscritos con menos frecuencia con un psiquiatra dé derivación y presentaban una tasa más baja de empleo y un porcentaje más bajo de uso inadecuado de alcohol y de intentos de suicidio.

Discusion.

Nuestros hallazgos aumentan el conjunto creciente de resultados que muestran que es preciso centrar más atención en las variables socioambientales en la investigación de la psicosis. Sin embargo, hay que tener en cuenta varias limitaciones, particularmente con respecto a los sesgos de selección y la edad de comienzo de la enfermedad psicótica.

Conclusion.

Nuestros resultados son compatibles con la hipótesis de que el desempleo es un factor parcialmente responsable en el riesgo para la psicosis entre los grupos emigrantes. Las familias de los emigrantes son una piedra angular importante en el proceso de atención sanitaria mental de sus familiares enfermos. Es preciso adaptar nuestros modelos de servicio con el propósito de hacer más fácil el tratamiento para los pacientes emigrantes.

Keywords

MigraciónPsicosisDesempleoEstructura familiar extensaAcceso a la asistencia
Type
Artículos Originales
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , March 2005 , pp. 82 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2005

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Footnotes

FossionP, ServaisL, RejasMC, LedouxY, PeleI, MinnerP. Psicosis, migración y ambiente social: un estudio con control de la edad y el género. Eur Psychiatry2004;19:338–343.

References

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